The importance of thermal modelling and prototyping in shelter design
The importance of thermal modelling and prototyping in shelter design
复制标题
热建模和原型设计在避难所设计中的重要性
DOI：
10.1080/09613218.2019.1691489
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Fosas D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fosas D
全球有900多万人生活在避难所里，通常生活在极端炎热的气候中。避难所的热性能在设计过程中经常被忽视，尽管在对营地居民的调查中，避难所的热性能是仅次于安全的考虑因素。事实上，在以前的研究中，室内温度超过40摄氏度也有记录。为了帮助改善条件，作为新的避难所设计过程的一部分，研究了建筑模拟和原型在预测避难所热性能方面所起的作用。在炎热的季节，对在阿兹拉克难民营建造的原型的热性能进行了监测，以评估四种设计方法：(1)“盲目”(未校准)模型、(2)校准模型、(3)现场设计变种和(4)场外原型。其中包括最初的避难所和实施不同过热对策的六个设计备选方案。结果表明，盲模型对不确定性的判断是敏感的，但仍具有定性的有效性。模型校准极大地改善了一致性，并显著提高了对设计替代方案性能的预测，这些替代方案在所检查的气候中保持相似。因此，结论是，在大规模部署之前，应在住房设计过程中采用现场或非现场的模拟和原型，以为其居民创造更好的生活条件。
More than 9 million people live in shelters globally, often in extremely hot climates. The thermal performance of shelters is often overlooked in the design process, despite being a consideration second only to safety in surveys of camp dwellers. Indeed, indoor temperatures exceeding 40°C have been recorded in previous studies. To aid in improving conditions, the roles building simulation and prototyping could play in forecasting shelter thermal performance as part of a new shelter design process are examined. The thermal performance of prototypes, built in the refugee camp of Azraq, was monitored during the hot season to evaluate four design approaches: (1) “blind” (uncalibrated) models, (2) calibrated models, (3) on-site design-variants and (4) off-site prototypes. These included the original shelter and six design alternatives implementing different overheating countermeasures. The results demonstrate that blind models are sensitive to the judgement of uncertainties but were still qualitatively useful. Model calibration vastly improves the agreement and significantly enhances forecasts of performance for the design alternatives, which remained similar across examined climates. It is therefore concluded that simulation and prototyping, either on-site or off-site, should be adopted within the shelter design process before mass deployment, to create better-living conditions for their dwellers.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.152
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Procedia Engineering
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ying Yu;E. Long;Yuan Shen;Hongxing Yang
通讯作者：
Hongxing Yang
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Sophie Obyn;G. V. Moeseke;V. Virgo
通讯作者：
V. Virgo
在能源和建筑研究中运用流行病学方法实现碳排放目标
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Hamilton I
通讯作者：
Hamilton I
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Crawford;P. Manfield;A. McRobie
通讯作者：
A. McRobie
绘制英国室内过热和空气污染风险修正图：一项建模研究
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Jonathon Taylor;M. Davies;A. Mavrogianni;C. Shrubsole;I. Hamilton;P. Das;B. Jones;E. Oikonomou;P. Biddulph
通讯作者：
P. Biddulph