The Borrelia burgdorferi c-di-GMP Binding Receptors, PlzA and PlzB, Are Functionally Distinct.

The Borrelia burgdorferi c-di-GMP Binding Receptors, PlzA and PlzB, Are Functionally Distinct.
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DOI:
10.3389/fcimb.2018.00213
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
Marconi RT
Marconi RT
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kostick-Dunn JL;Izac JR;Freedman JC;Szkotnicki LT;Oliver LD Jr;Marconi RT

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循环二gmp (c-二gmp)有助于调节莱姆病(LD)螺旋体完成蜱-哺乳动物地方病循环所需的过程。我们对c-二- gmp在疏螺旋体中的作用机制的理解正在不断发展。虽然大多数LD螺旋体分离物编码含有c-di-GMP受体的单个PilZ结构域,称为PlzA,但基因组分析表明,一个子集编码第二个PilZ结构域蛋白(PlzB)。PlzB的c-二gmp结合潜力及其在LD螺旋体生物学中的作用尚未被研究。为了确定PlzB是否与c-di-GMP结合,我们对伯氏疏螺旋体分离物ZS7中的PlzB进行PCR扩增、克隆并生成重组蛋白。PlzB与c-di-GMP结合,但不与其他核苷酸结合,表明具有特异性的结合相互作用。为了确定PlzA和PlzB在功能上是否同义,在伯氏疏螺旋体B31背景下产生了一系列等位基因交换缺失和顺式互补菌株。布氏疏螺旋体B31-ΔplzA可感染肩胛骨伊蚊幼虫,针刺和蜱虫喂养均不能感染小鼠。伯氏疏螺旋体B31-ΔplzA也表现出非典型的运动表型。伯氏疏螺旋体B31-ΔplzA与plzA (B31-plzA KI)在cis中的互补恢复了野生型(wt)表型。然而,与plzB顺式互补的菌株(B31-plzB KI)则没有。这里提供的数据与早期的一项研究一致,该研究表明PlzA在哺乳动物环境中的螺旋体存活中起着至关重要的作用。我们通过证明PlzB与c-di-GMP结合,增加了我们对c-di-GMP调控网络的理解,但它在功能上与PlzA不是同义词。大多数菌株中缺乏plzB表明它不是生存所必需的。一种可能性是,同时携带PlzA和PlzB的细胞可能增强了生物适应性或增强了毒力。
Cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) contributes to the regulation of processes required by the Lyme disease (LD) spirochetes to complete the tick-mammal enzootic cycle. Our understanding of the effector mechanisms of c-di-GMP in the Borrelia is evolving. While most LD spirochete isolates encode a single PilZ domain containing c-di-GMP receptor designated as PlzA, genome analyses have revealed that a subset encode a second PilZ domain protein (PlzB). The c-di-GMP binding potential of PlzB, and its role in LD spirochete biology, have not been investigated. To determine if PlzB binds c-di-GMP, plzB from B. burgdorferi isolate ZS7 was PCR amplified, cloned, and recombinant protein generated. PlzB bound c-di-GMP but not other nucleotides, indicating a specific binding interaction. To determine if PlzA and PlzB are functionally synonymous, a series of allelic-exchange gene deletion and cis-complemented strains were generated in the B. burgdorferi B31 background. B. burgdorferi B31-ΔplzA was competent to infect Ixodes scapularis larvae but not mice when delivered by either needle or tick feeding. B. burgdorferi B31-ΔplzA also displayed an atypical motility phenotype. Complementation in cis of B. burgdorferi B31-ΔplzA with plzA (B31-plzA KI) restored wild-type (wt) phenotype. However, a strain complemented in cis with plzB (B31-plzB KI) did not. The data presented here are consistent with an earlier study that demonstrated that PlzA plays an essential role in spirochete survival in the mammalian environment. We add to our understanding of the c-di-GMP regulatory network by demonstrating that while PlzB binds c-di-GMP, it is not functionally synonymous with PlzA. The absence of plzB from most strains suggests that it is not required for survival. One possibility is that cells that harbor both PlzA and PlzB might have enhanced biological fitness or increased virulence.
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