Rural-Urban Variation in the Association of Adolescent Violence and Handgun Carrying in the United States, 2002-2019.
Rural-Urban Variation in the Association of Adolescent Violence and Handgun Carrying in the United States, 2002-2019.
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DOI：
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.1153
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发表时间：
2023-02-01
影响因子：
13.8
通讯作者：
Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schleimer, Julia P.;Gause, Emma;Dalve, Kimberly;Ellyson, Alice;Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali
在美国，青少年参与暴力和携带手枪之间的关联在城乡之间是否存在差异？在这项横断面研究中，使用了2002年至2019年的调查数据，每年对近2500万青少年进行加权计数，青少年携带手枪在大多数农村县最常见。农村地区手枪携带的总体流行率较高，与农村地区青少年暴力相关的手枪携带绝对流行率高于城市地区。这些研究结果表明，青少年参与暴力与手枪携带在农村和城市的连续性，但是，防止手枪携带相关的伤害的机会可能会有所不同，农村和城市社区。这项横断面研究探讨了青少年人际暴力与手枪携带在城乡连续体的协会的差异。青少年携带手枪与枪支相关暴力的风险增加有关。大多数关于青少年携带手枪的证据来自城市地区，但这些发现可能无法推广到农村地区。研究青少年人际暴力与携带手枪在城乡连续体中的差异。这项横断面研究使用了2002年至2019年美国12至17岁青少年药物使用和健康全国调查的全国代表性数据，以估计城乡连续体中人际暴力和手枪携带之间随时间变化的患病率（PR）和患病率差异（PD）。分析于二零二二年四月至七月进行。任何过去一年的严重战斗，群体战斗，并攻击意图伤害。任何去年携带的手枪。协会估计县内的农村-城市阶层使用美国农业部的农村-城市连续代码。在每一年，样本包括近2500万青少年的加权计数，其中50.9%（95% CI，50.2%-51.6%）男性和24.7%（95% CI，23.8%-25.6%）西班牙裔青少年，13.5%（95% CI，12.8%-14.2%）非西班牙裔黑人青少年，和51.8%（95% CI，50.8%-52.8%）非西班牙裔白色青少年。更多的农村县的种族和民族多样性更少。例如，2019年，在大多数农村县，81.1%（95% CI，75.9%-85.4%）的青少年是非西班牙裔白色人，而在大多数城市县，43.1%（95% CI，41.7%-44.6%）的青少年是非西班牙裔白色人。随着时间的推移，青少年携带手枪的情况有所增加，其中大多数农村县的增幅最大，青少年携带手枪的流行率从2003年的5.2%（95%CI，3.8%-7.0%）增加到2019年的12.4%（95%CI，8.9%-16.9%）。暴力和携带手枪的关联的PR在更多的城市县更大。例如，2019年，在大多数城市县，参与群体战斗的青少年携带手枪的患病率是未参与群体战斗的青少年的3.7倍（95% CI，2.9-4.8）;在大多数农村县，这一PR为3.1（95% CI，1.6-5.6）。在农村地区，PD相似，在某些情况下更大。例如，2019年在大多数城市县，参与群体斗殴的青少年的手枪携带率比未参与群体斗殴的青少年高7.5%（95%CI，5.7%-9.5%）;在大多数农村县，手枪携带更常见，这一PD为21.8%（95%CI，8.2%-37.8%）。这项横断面研究发现，人际暴力与携带手枪的关联在城市地区比在农村地区更强;然而，农村青少年携带手枪的比例高于城市青少年，导致农村地区与暴力相关的携带手枪的绝对流行率高于城市地区。这些发现表明，预防携带手枪相关伤害的机会在农村和城市社区之间可能有所不同。
Do associations between adolescent participation in violence and handgun carrying vary across the rural-urban continuum in the United States? In this cross-sectional study using survey data from 2002 to 2019 with a weighted count of nearly 25 million adolescents per year, adolescent handgun carrying was most common in the most rural counties. The greater overall prevalence of handgun carrying in rural areas was associated with a higher absolute prevalence of handgun carrying associated with adolescent violence in rural areas than in urban areas. These findings suggest that adolescent participation in violence was associated with handgun carrying across the rural-urban continuum; however, opportunities for preventing handgun carrying–related harms may differ between rural and urban communities. This cross-sectional study examines differences in associations of adolescent interpersonal violence with handgun carrying across the rural-urban continuum. Adolescent handgun carrying is associated with increased risk of firearm-related violence. Most evidence on adolescent handgun carrying is from urban areas, but these findings may not generalize to rural areas. To examine differences in associations of adolescent interpersonal violence with handgun carrying across the rural-urban continuum. This cross-sectional study used nationally representative data from the US National Survey on Drug Use and Health among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years from 2002 to 2019 to estimate time-varying prevalence ratios (PRs) and prevalence differences (PDs) between interpersonal violence and handgun carrying across the rural-urban continuum. Analyses were conducted in April to July 2022. Any past-year serious fighting, group fighting, and attacking with intent to harm. Any past-year handgun carrying. Associations were estimated within county rural-urban strata using the US Department of Agriculture’s Rural-Urban Continuum Codes. In each year, the sample included a weighted count of almost 25 million adolescents, with 50.9% (95% CI, 50.2%-51.6%) males and 24.7% (95% CI, 23.8%-25.6%) Hispanic adolescents, 13.5% (95% CI, 12.8%-14.2%) non-Hispanic Black adolescents, and 51.8% (95% CI, 50.8%-52.8%) non-Hispanic White adolescents in 2019. More rural counties had less racial and ethnic diversity. For example, 81.1% (95% CI, 75.9%-85.4%) of adolescents were non-Hispanic White in the most rural counties vs 43.1% (95% CI, 41.7%-44.6%) of adolescents were non-Hispanic White in the most urban counties in 2019. Adolescent handgun carrying increased over time, with the largest increases in the most rural counties, where the prevalence of adolescent handgun carrying increased from 5.2% (95% CI, 3.8%-7.0%) in 2003 to 12.4% (95% CI, 8.9%-16.9%) in 2019. PRs for the association of violence and handgun carrying were greater in more urban counties. For example, in the most urban counties in 2019, adolescents involved in a group fight had 3.7 (95% CI, 2.9-4.8) times the prevalence of handgun carrying vs those not involved in a group fight; this PR was 3.1 (95% CI, 1.6-5.6) in the most rural counties. PDs were similar and, in some cases, larger in rural areas. For example, in the most urban counties in 2019, handgun carrying prevalence was 7.5% (95% CI, 5.7%-9.5%) higher among adolescents who were involved in a group fight compared with those who were not; this PD was 21.8% (95% CI, 8.2%-37.8%) in the most rural counties, where handgun carrying was more common. This cross-sectional study found that associations of interpersonal violence with handgun carrying were stronger in relative terms in urban areas than in rural areas; however, a higher percentage of rural than urban adolescents carried handguns, resulting in a greater absolute prevalence of handgun carrying associated with violence in rural areas than in urban areas. These findings suggest opportunities for preventing handgun carrying–related harms may differ between rural and urban communities.
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通讯作者：
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