Paired-housing selectively facilitates within-session extinction of avoidance behavior, and increases c-Fos expression in the medial prefrontal cortex, in anxiety vulnerable Wistar-Kyoto rats.
Paired-housing selectively facilitates within-session extinction of avoidance behavior, and increases c-Fos expression in the medial prefrontal cortex, in anxiety vulnerable Wistar-Kyoto rats.
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在焦虑易感的 Wistar-Kyoto 大鼠中，配对饲养选择性地促进会话内回避行为的消失，并增加内侧前额叶皮质中的 c-Fos 表达。
DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.05.044
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Beck,KevinD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith,IanM;Pang,KevinCH;Servatius,RichardJ;Jiao,Xilu;Beck,KevinD
目的即使没有曾经具有威胁性的刺激，持续回避行为也是焦虑和相关精神疾病的一个关键特征。这种现象可以在 Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) 大鼠中观察到，与远交对照组相比，该大鼠表现出回避行为消退受损。 WKY 大鼠的另一个特征是内侧前额皮质 (mPFC) 的神经回路和神经可塑性异常。减少社会物种对焦虑和条件性恐惧的生理反应的一种方法是存在同种动物。目前的研究调查了与单独饲养的 WKY 大鼠相比，配对饲养的 WKY 大鼠是否会表现出更容易的回避消退，以及配对饲养是否会影响杠杆压力回避过程中 mPFC 的激活。 方法将雄性 WKY 大鼠分配到单独饲养和配对饲养条件下。老鼠接受了避免杠杆按压的训练。每次避免按下杠杆的实验均包含 20 次试验，其中根据警告音按下杠杆可防止足部电击。大鼠在 4 周内接受了 12 次采集；接下来是 2 周内的 6 次灭绝期，其中足部电击停止传递。在第 1 次和第 6 次灭绝试验的第 1 次和第 10 次试验后 90 分钟收获大脑，并对 mPFC 切片进行 c-Fos 染色作为激活的测量。结果配对饲养的大鼠显示出促进杠杆按压避免灭绝率，但造成这种总体差异的主要原因是会话内灭绝的选择性促进。与单独饲养的大鼠类似，配对饲养的大鼠在灭绝试验 1 期间继续回避，即使在前一阶段结束时回避反应已显着减少。与试验 1 中处死的单独饲养的大鼠相比，试验 1 中处死的配对饲养的大鼠在 mPFC 的前扣带皮层和前边缘皮层亚区域中显示出更高的 c-Fos 表达。结论该数据显示，在 WKY 大鼠中，配对饲养有助于促进回避的消失，并影响 mPFC 的活动。尽管进行了这种环境操纵，配对饲养的 WKY 大鼠在灭绝实验的第 1 次试验中继续表现出回避反应。这表明 WKY 大鼠的会话内消退可以与会话间消退抗性分离。此外，它表明 WKY 大鼠的单独饲养可能通过在测试情况下减少 mPFC 的神经元活动来选择性地减缓会话内灭绝。
ObjectiveThe perseveration of avoidance behavior, even in the absence of once threatening stimuli, is a key feature of anxiety and related psychiatric conditions. This phenomenon can be observed in the Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat which, in comparison to outbred controls, demonstrates impaired extinction of avoidance behavior. Also characteristic of the WKY rat is abnormalities of the neurocircuitry and neuroplasticity of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). One means of reducing physiological responses to anxiety, and conditioned fear, in social species is the presence of a conspecific animal. The current study investigates whether or not pair-housed WKY rats would show facilitated extinction of avoidance in comparison to individual-housed WKY rats, and whether or not pair-housing influences mPFC activation during lever-press avoidance.MethodsMale WKY rats were assigned to individual-housed and pair-housed conditions. Rats were trained in lever-press avoidance. Each session of lever-press avoidance consisted of 20 trials, where pressing a lever in response to a warning tone prevented foot-shocks. Rats received 12 acquisition sessions over 4 weeks; followed by 6 extinction sessions over 2 weeks, where foot-shocks ceased to be delivered. Brains were harvested 90 min after trials 1 and 10 of extinction sessions 1 and 6, and mPFC sections underwent c-Fos staining as a measure of activation.ResultsPair-housed rats showed facilitated lever-press avoidance extinction rates, but the main cause for this overall difference was a selective facilitation of within-session extinction. Similar to individual-housed rats, pair-housed rats continued to avoid during trial 1 of extinction even when the avoidance responding had been significantly reduced by the end of the previous session. Pair-housed rats sacrificed on trial 1 showed greater c-Fos expression in the anterior cingulate cortex and prelimbic cortex subregions of the mPFC compared individual-housed rats sacrificed on trial 1.ConclusionThis data shows pair-housing to facilitate the extinction of avoidance, and to influence activity of the mPFC, in WKY rats. Despite this environmental manipulation, the pair-housed WKY rats continued to show avoidance responding on trial 1 of extinction sessions. This demonstrates that within-session extinction can be dissociated from between-session extinction-resistance in WKY rats. Furthermore, it suggests the individual-housing of WKY rats selectively slows within-session extinction, possibly by reducing neuronal activity of the mPFC during the testing situation.
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