Ventral medullary control of rapid eye movement sleep and atonia.

Ventral medullary control of rapid eye movement sleep and atonia.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.01.002
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发表时间:
2017-04
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Lu J
Lu J
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen MC;Vetrivelan R;Guo CN;Chang C;Fuller PM;Lu J

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脑干多个层面的离散神经元群控制着快速眼动 (REM) 睡眠以及随之而来的姿势性肌张力或肌张力丧失。这些脑干细胞群对快速眼动睡眠控制的具体贡献仍不完全清楚。在这里,我们在大鼠中发现,在快速眼动睡眠期间,下橄榄(pSOM)喙部水平的腹内侧延髓的基于病毒载体的损伤产生了剧烈的肌阵挛抽搐和异常的肌电图尖峰,但没有完全丧失强直肌无力。这些动物在非快速眼动 (NREM) 睡眠期间的运动音调不受影响。大鼠 pSOM 神经元的急性化学遗传学激活可强烈且选择性地抑制 REM 睡眠,但不会抑制 NREM 睡眠。针对延髓头侧腹内侧 (RVM) 的类似损伤不会影响睡眠或肌张力不稳,而 RVM 的化学遗传学刺激会导致觉醒和睡眠减少。最后,选择性激活小鼠中的囊泡 GABA 转运蛋白 (VGAT) pSOM 神经元可完全抑制 REM 睡眠,而它们的丧失则增加了 REM 睡眠期间的肌电图峰值。这些结果揭示了 pSOM,特别是该区域的 VGAT+ 神经元在快速眼动睡眠和运动控制中的关键贡献。
Discrete populations of neurons at multiple levels of the brainstem control rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and the accompanying loss of postural muscle tone, or atonia. The specific contributions of these brainstem cell populations to REM sleep control remains incompletely understood. Here we show in rats that viral vector-based lesions of the ventromedial medulla at a level rostral to the inferior olive (pSOM) produced violent myoclonic twitches and abnormal electromyographic spikes, but not complete loss of tonic atonia, during REM sleep. Motor tone during non-REM (NREM) sleep was unaffected in these same animals. Acute chemogenetic activation of pSOM neurons in rats robustly and selectively suppressed REM sleep but not NREM sleep. Similar lesions targeting the more rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) did not affect sleep or atonia, while chemogenetic stimulation of the RVM produced wakefulness and reduced sleep. Finally, selective activation of vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT) pSOM neurons in mice produced complete suppression of REM sleep whereas their loss increased EMG spikes during REM sleep. These results reveal a key contribution of the pSOM and specifically the VGAT+ neurons in this region in REM sleep and motor control.
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