The effects of rules on local political decision-making processes: How can rules facilitate participation?

The effects of rules on local political decision-making processes: How can rules facilitate participation?
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规则对地方政治决策过程的影响:规则如何促进参与?

DOI:
10.1007/s11077-017-9284-2
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Theesfeld
Theesfeld
中科院分区:
管理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Theesfeld

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人们常常声称,参与增强了地方行为者的能力,包容性的决策进程对农村发展至关重要。我们的目标是调查正式和非正式的规则是如何设置在当地的决策过程中,以及这些规则可能会影响当地参与者的实际水平。在一项比较案例研究中,研究了泰国社区项目规划使用的规则。在我们的分析中,我们使用了制度分析和发展框架,该框架允许对规则的影响进行更精确的分析。53个村庄由四个选定的Tambon行政组织提供服务,这些组织要么在实现参与方面取得成功,要么在执行泰国政府的权力下放和地方参与目标方面存在问题。本研究是基于对TAO工作人员的60个半结构式访谈,对50个村庄的村领导的调查和对104名村民的家庭调查。我们仔细检查了七种类型的规则,并显示出一些特殊的差异,在使用中的规则的影响。在被列为参与性较低的TAO中,会议出席率较低(边界规则),村民被告知会议的通知时间较短(信息规则),更多的村民提到精英干预项目选择过程(聚合规则)。在职位和权限规则中出现了高度的模糊性。此外,我们获得的信息,特别是道义逻辑,一般表现出很高的份额,事实上可能的声明,在执行的规则。我们的结论是,如果政策目标是提高参与,规则制定提供了良好的干预范围。从实际角度看,必须使人们更容易获得关于行政程序的信息,公共行政人员应接受程序培训。
It is often claimed that participation empowers local actors and that an inclusive decision-making process is crucial for rural development. We aim to investigate how formal and informal rules are set in local decision-making processes and how those rules may impact the actual level of participation by local actors. In a comparative case study, the rules-in-use for the planning of community projects in Thailand are examined. For our analysis, we use the Institutional Analysis and Development framework, which allows for more precise analysis of the impact of the rules. Fifty-three villages are served by four selected Tambon Administrative Organisations (TAO) which are either known for success in achieving participation or ranked as problematic in implementing the decentralization and local participation goals of the Thai government. The study is based on 60 semi-structured interviews with TAO staff, a survey of village leaders in 50 villages and a household survey of 104 villagers. We scrutinize seven types of rules and show some particular differences in terms of the impact from the rules-in-use. In the TAOs ranked as less participatory, the attendance rate in the meetings is found to be lower (boundary rule), villagers are informed about a meeting with a shorter notice (information rule) and more villagers mention that elites interfere in the project selection process (aggregation rule). A high level of fuzziness appeared in the position and authority rules. Further, we obtained information on the particular deontic logic, showing generally a high share of de facto may-statements in the implementation of the rules. We conclude that if the policy goal is enhancing participation, rule-setting offers good scope for intervention. From a practical perspective, information on administrative procedures has to be made more accessible and public administrators should receive procedural training.
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