Socioeconomic gradient in consumption of whole fruit and 100% fruit juice among US children and adults.
Socioeconomic gradient in consumption of whole fruit and 100% fruit juice among US children and adults.
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2891-14-3
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发表时间：
2015-01-05
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Rehm CD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drewnowski A;Rehm CD
水果的消费通常与更好的健康有关，而且与更高的社会经济地位（SES）有关。之前大多数评估水果消费的研究都没有将 100% 果汁和整个水果分开，这可能掩盖了有趣的消费模式。旨在估计美国儿童和成人整体水果消费量与 100% 果汁消费量之间的人口和社会经济相关性。对 2007 年至 2010 年期间具有全国代表性的国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 的两个周期进行了二次分析，按性别、年龄组、种族/民族和社会经济地位对 16,628 名儿童和成人进行了二次分析。水果消费总量（人口平均每天 1.06 杯当量）远远低于国家目标。总体而言，整个水果提供了大约 65% 的水果总量，而 100% 果汁则提供了其余部分。儿童的 100% 果汁消费量最高，并随着年龄的增长而急剧下降，而老年人的全水果消费量最高。收入较高或受教育程度较高的人的水果和整个水果的总消费量通常较高。相比之下，儿童、少数族裔和低收入群体的 100% 果汁消费量最高。全果果汁与 100% 果汁的消费模式因种族/民族、教育程度和收入而呈现出不同的梯度。用整个水果代替 100% 果汁的建议可能会对经济弱势群体和一些少数群体构成挑战，因为他们的水果消费量未达到国家目标。
The consumption of fruit is generally associated with better health, but also higher socioeconomic status (SES). Most previous studies evaluating consumption of fruits have not separated 100% fruit juice and whole fruit, which may conceal interesting patterns in consumption. To estimate demographic and socioeconomic correlates of whole fruit versus 100% juice consumption among children and adults in the United States. Secondary analyses of two cycles of the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007–2010, by gender, age group, race/ethnicity and SES among 16,628 children and adults. Total fruit consumption (population average of 1.06 cup equivalents/d) fell far short of national goals. Overall, whole fruit provided about 65% of total fruit, while 100% juice provided the remainder. Whereas 100% juice consumption was highest among children and declined sharply with age, whole fruit consumption was highest among older adults. Total fruit and whole fruit consumption was generally higher among those with higher incomes or more education. By contrast, the highest 100% juice consumption was found among children, racial/ethnic minorities and lower-income groups. Consumption patterns for whole fruit versus 100% fruit juice showed different gradients by race/ethnicity, education, and income. The advice to replace 100% juice with whole fruit may pose a challenge for the economically disadvantaged and some minority groups, whose fruit consumption falls short of national goals.
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