How addictive drugs disrupt presynaptic dopamine neurotransmission.
How addictive drugs disrupt presynaptic dopamine neurotransmission.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuron.2011.02.010
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发表时间:
2011-02-24
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
Sulzer, David
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sulzer, David
The fundamental principle that unites addictive drugs appears to be that each enhances synaptic dopamine by means that dissociate it from normal behavioral control, so that they act to reinforce their own acquisition. This occurs via the modulation of synaptic mechanisms involved in learning, including enhanced excitation or disinhibition of dopamine neuron activity, blockade of dopamine reuptake, and altering the state of the presynaptic terminal to enhance evoked over basal transmission. Amphetamines offer an exception to such modulation in that they combine multiple effects to produce non-exocytic stimulation-independent release of neurotransmitter via reverse transport independent from normal presynaptic function. Questions on the molecular actions of addictive drugs, prominently including the actions of alcohol and solvents, remain unresolved, but their ability to co-opt normal presynaptic functions helps to explain why treatment for addiction has been challenging.
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