Venom-related transcripts from Bothrops jararaca tissues provide novel molecular insights into the production and evolution of snake venom.
Venom-related transcripts from Bothrops jararaca tissues provide novel molecular insights into the production and evolution of snake venom.
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msu337
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发表时间：
2015-03
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Casewell NR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Junqueira-de-Azevedo IL;Bastos CM;Ho PL;Luna MS;Yamanouye N;Casewell NR
试图重建蛇毒的进化历史的背景下，他们的共同选择的毒腺很少考虑非毒蛇的基因是旁系同源的毒素，因此代表了重要的连接器祖先基因。为了重新评估这一过程，我们进行了比较转录组学调查的身体组织从毒蛇。从医学上重要的蝰蛇Bothrops jararaca的六个器官中独立组装了一组非冗余的33，000个unigenes（参考基因的组装转录本），提供了82种来自毒腺的全长毒素和其他组织的特定产物（如胰腺消化酶）的参考列表。然后筛选与毒素旁系同源的非毒素转录物的Unigenes，揭示1）约20%的毒素基因的低水平共表达（例如，缓激肽增强肽、C型凝集素、蛇毒金属蛋白酶、蛇毒神经生长因子），2）在8类毒素中与毒素基因最接近的旁系同源物的身份，3）旁系同源物表达的位置和水平，表明通常共表达发生在比毒素基因所观察到的更多的组织中和更低的水平，和4）毒素基因在身体组织中回复到选择性表达的强有力证据。此外，我们的差异基因表达分析确定特定的细胞过程，使毒液腺高度专业化的分泌组织。我们的研究结果表明，蛇的毒液的进化和生产是一个复杂的过程，只能在其他蛇组织的比较数据的背景下理解，包括确定毒毒素的旁系同源基因。
Attempts to reconstruct the evolutionary history of snake toxins in the context of their co-option to the venom gland rarely account for nonvenom snake genes that are paralogous to toxins, and which therefore represent important connectors to ancestral genes. In order to reevaluate this process, we conducted a comparative transcriptomic survey on body tissues from a venomous snake. A nonredundant set of 33,000 unigenes (assembled transcripts of reference genes) was independently assembled from six organs of the medically important viperid snake Bothrops jararaca, providing a reference list of 82 full-length toxins from the venom gland and specific products from other tissues, such as pancreatic digestive enzymes. Unigenes were then screened for nontoxin transcripts paralogous to toxins revealing 1) low level coexpression of approximately 20% of toxin genes (e.g., bradykinin-potentiating peptide, C-type lectin, snake venom metalloproteinase, snake venom nerve growth factor) in body tissues, 2) the identity of the closest paralogs to toxin genes in eight classes of toxins, 3) the location and level of paralog expression, indicating that, in general, co-expression occurs in a higher number of tissues and at lower levels than observed for toxin genes, and 4) strong evidence of a toxin gene reverting back to selective expression in a body tissue. In addition, our differential gene expression analyses identify specific cellular processes that make the venom gland a highly specialized secretory tissue. Our results demonstrate that the evolution and production of venom in snakes is a complex process that can only be understood in the context of comparative data from other snake tissues, including the identification of genes paralogous to venom toxins.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Hargreaves AD;Swain MT;Hegarty MJ;Logan DW;Mulley JF
通讯作者：
Mulley JF
影响因子：
3
作者：
Bollback JP
通讯作者：
Bollback JP
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Fry, Bryan G.;Casewell, Nicholas R.;Jackson, Timothy N. W.
通讯作者：
Jackson, Timothy N. W.
DOI：
10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.04.607
发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Kerchove, Celine M.;Luna, Milene S. A.;Yamanouye, Norma
通讯作者：
Yamanouye, Norma
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Hargreaves, Adam D.;Swain, Martin T.;Mulley, John F.
通讯作者：
Mulley, John F.