CNP, the Third Natriuretic Peptide: Its Biology and Significance to the Cardiovascular System.
CNP, the Third Natriuretic Peptide: Its Biology and Significance to the Cardiovascular System.
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CNP是第三个被分离的利尿钠肽，广泛表达于中枢神经系统、骨软骨系统和血管系统。 CNP 主要靶向的受体是 GC-B，它与另外两种利尿钠肽 ANP 和 BNP 靶向的受体 GC-A 不同。因此，CNP 的行动与 ANP 和 BNP 的行动有所不同。对 CNP 作用的研究表明，CNP 可减弱心脏肥大、心肌梗死和心肌炎动物模型中的心脏重塑。检查 CNP/GC-B 信号传导的研究表明，它有助于预防心脏僵硬。内源性 CNP 可能部分通过 CNP/NPR-C 信号传导发挥作用，有助于血管功能和血压的调节。 CNP 通过 CNP/GC-B/CGK 信号传导调节血管重塑和血管生成。 CNP 可减轻压力超负荷和心肌梗死模型中的间质纤维化和纤维化相关基因的表达。 CNP作为心血管疾病治疗剂的临床应用值得期待。利钠肽家族由三种生物活性肽组成：ANP、BNP 和 CNP。 CNP比其他两种肽表达更广泛，在中枢神经系统、骨软骨系统和血管系统中表达显着。 CNP主要靶向的受体是GC-B，它与ANP和BNP靶向的受体GC-A不同。因此，CNP 的行动与 ANP 和 BNP 的行动有些不同。 CNP 敲除会导致严重的侏儒症，并且对 CNP 在骨软骨系统中的作用进行了重要研究。因此，CNP 类似物现已可用于软骨发育不全患者的临床治疗。在心血管系统中，CNP 及其下游信号传导参与心肌重塑、心脏功能、血管张力、血管生成和纤维化等的调节机制。本综述重点关注 CNP 在心血管系统中的作用，并考虑其在心血管疾病治疗中的临床应用潜力。
CNP is the third natriuretic peptide to be isolated and is widely expressed in the central nervous system, osteochondral system, and vascular system. The receptor that is mainly targeted by CNP is GC-B, which differs from GC-A, the receptor targeted by the other two natriuretic peptides, ANP and BNP. Consequently, the actions of CNP differ somewhat from those of ANP and BNP. Research into the actions of CNP has shown that CNP attenuates cardiac remodeling in animal models of cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, and myocarditis. Studies examining CNP/GC-B signaling showed that it contributes to the prevention of cardiac stiffness. Endogenous CNP, perhaps acting in part through CNP/NPR-C signaling, contributes to the regulation of vascular function and blood pressure. CNP regulates vascular remodeling and angiogenesis via CNP/GC-B/CGK signaling. CNP attenuates interstitial fibrosis and fibrosis-related gene expression in pressure overload and myocardial infarction models. The clinical application of CNP as a therapeutic agent for cardiovascular diseases is anticipated. The natriuretic peptide family consists of three biologically active peptides: ANP, BNP, and CNP. CNP is more widely expressed than the other two peptides, with significant levels in the central nervous system, osteochondral system, and vascular system. The receptor that is mainly targeted by CNP is GC-B, which differs from GC-A, the receptor targeted by ANP and BNP. Consequently, the actions of CNP differ somewhat from those of ANP and BNP. CNP knockout leads to severe dwarfism, and there has been important research into the role of CNP in the osteochondral system. As a result, a CNP analog is now available for clinical use in patients with achondroplasia. In the cardiovascular system, CNP and its downstream signaling are involved in the regulatory mechanisms underlying myocardial remodeling, cardiac function, vascular tone, angiogenesis, and fibrosis, among others. This review focuses on the roles of CNP in the cardiovascular system and considers its potential for clinical application in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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