The geography of sobriety checkpoints and alcohol-impaired driving.
The geography of sobriety checkpoints and alcohol-impaired driving.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/add.15766
复制
发表时间：
2022-05
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Ferris, Jason
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morrison, Christopher N.;Kwizera, Muhire;Chen, Qixuan;Puljevic, Cheneal;Branas, Charles C.;Wiebe, Douglas J.;Peek-Asa, Corinne;McGavin, Kirsten M.;Franssen, Shellee J.;Le, Vy K.;Keating, Michael;Ferris, Jason
戒酒检查站是减少酒后驾驶、机动车撞车、伤害和死亡的有效策略。这项研究的目的是确定个人戒酒检查站影响酒精受损驾驶的地理范围。这项空间生态小组分析使用了澳大利亚昆士兰警察局2012年1月至2018年6月的地理位置呼气测试数据。在528个统计区域2级单位(n=178,464个SA2周)和84个统计区域3级单位(n=28,392个SA3周)内收集了338周的数据。昆士兰SA2单元的平均人口为8,883.5人(SD=5,5018，3)，道路里程为468.9公里(SD=1,490.0)；SA3单元的平均人口为57,201.6人(SD=29,521.6)，道路里程为2,936.0公里(SD=7,025.0)。独立的衡量标准是在当地和空间上相邻的时空单位内每500公里公路上设立的戒酒检查站的密度。相关的衡量标准是在昆士兰检测到呼气酒精浓度(血液酒精浓度[BAC]的替代指标)超过昆士兰正式驾照司机法定最大值0.05%的比率。贝叶斯分层空间负二项模型将清醒检查点与呼吸试验的比率相关联，在时空单位内和单位之间，BAC≥为0.05%。每500公里公路增加一个清醒检查点，与在当地SA2单位内使用BAC≥0.05%的呼气测试率降低2.5%(内部收益率=0.975；95%CRI：0.973，0.978)以及在当地SA3单位内使用BAC≥0.05%的呼气测试率降低5.5%相关(IRR=0.945；95%CRI：0.937，0.953)。在空间上相邻的单位和在时间上滞后的单位(例如，SA3周；相邻滞后1周：IRR=0.969；95%CRI：0.937，1.003)中，关联性向零衰减。个别戒酒检查站与附近酒后驾车的减少有关。大约一周后，关系就会恶化，超出当地约6万居民和3000公里道路的地区。
Sobriety checkpoints are an effective strategy to reduce alcohol-impaired driving, motor vehicle crashes, injuries, and fatalities. The aim of this study was to identify the geographic extent over which individual sobriety checkpoints affect alcohol-impaired driving. This spatial ecological panel analysis used geolocated breath test data from the Queensland Police Service, Australia, for January 2012 to June 2018. Data were aggregated over 338 weeks within 528 Statistical Area level 2 units (n=178,464 SA2-weeks) and 84 Statistical Area level 3 units (n=28,392 SA3-weeks). SA2 units in Queensland contain a mean population of 8,883.5 (SD=5,5018,3) and encompass 468.9 roadway kilometers (SD=1,490.0); SA3 units contain a mean population of 57,201.6 (SD=29,521.6) and encompass 2,936.0 roadway kilometers (SD=7,025.0). Independent measures were the density of sobriety checkpoints conducted per 500 roadway kilometers within local and spatially adjacent space-time units. The dependent measure was the rate of tests that detected breath alcohol concentration (a proxy for Blood Alcohol Concentration [BAC]) greater than the legal maximum value of 0.05% for fully licensed drivers in Queensland. Bayesian hierarchical spatial negative binomial models related sobriety checkpoints to the rate of breath tests with BAC≥0.05% within and between space-time units. One additional sobriety checkpoint conducted per 500 roadway kilometers was associated with 2.5% reduction in the rate of breath tests with BAC≥0.05% within local SA2 units (IRR=0.975; 95%CrI: 0.973, 0.978), and with 5.5% reduction in the rate of breath tests with BAC≥0.05% within local SA3 units (IRR=0.945; 95%CrI: 0.937, 0.953). Associations were attenuated towards null in spatially adjacent units and in temporally lagged units (e.g., SA3-weeks; adjacent lagged 1 week: IRR=0.969; 95%CrI: 0.937, 1.003). Individual sobriety checkpoints are associated with reductions in nearby alcohol-impaired driving. Relationships decay after approximately one week and beyond local areas containing approximately 60,000 residents and 3,000 kilometers of roadway.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32203-7
发表时间：
2018-11-10
期刊：
Lancet (London, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
GBD 2017 Causes of Death Collaborators
通讯作者：
GBD 2017 Causes of Death Collaborators
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Saltz RF;Paschall MJ;O'Hara SE
通讯作者：
O'Hara SE
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Holder, HD;Gruenewald, PJ;Roeper, P
通讯作者：
Roeper, P
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Morrison, Christopher N.;Ferris, Jason;Branas, Charles C.
通讯作者：
Branas, Charles C.
影响因子：
0.9
作者：
Nunn, Samuel;Newby, William
通讯作者：
Newby, William