ENHANCED GRAVITROPISM 2 encodes a STERILE ALPHA MOTIF-containing protein that controls root growth angle in barley and wheat.
ENHANCED GRAVITROPISM 2 encodes a STERILE ALPHA MOTIF-containing protein that controls root growth angle in barley and wheat.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2101526118
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发表时间：
2021-08-31
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Hochholdinger F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kirschner GK;Rosignoli S;Guo L;Vardanega I;Imani J;Altmüller J;Milner SG;Balzano R;Nagel KA;Pflugfelder D;Forestan C;Bovina R;Koller R;Stöcker TG;Mascher M;Simmonds J;Uauy C;Schoof H;Tuberosa R;Salvi S;Hochholdinger F
迄今为止，利用根系性状在植物育种中的潜力在很大程度上尚未开发。在这项研究中，我们克隆和鉴定了增强重力感2（EGT 2）基因的大麦，编码一个不育的阿尔法基序结构域的蛋白。EGT 2基因在大麦和小麦中具有保守性，是根生长角调控的关键基因，有望成为禾谷类作物改良的新靶基因。根系生长角定义了根系如何向重力矢量生长，是根系构型最重要的决定因素之一。它控制着作物的吸水能力、养分利用效率、抗逆能力，并因此控制着作物的产量。我们证明了egt 2（增强向地性2）突变体大麦种子根和侧根的根生长比野生型植株更陡，并且不依赖于生长素，对重力的响应更高。我们通过混合分离分析和全基因组测序的组合克隆了EGT 2基因。随后通过独立的CRISPR/Cas9突变等位基因进行的验证实验证明，egt 2编码含有无菌α基序结构域的蛋白质。原位杂交实验表明，EGT 2表达从根冠到伸长区。我们通过敲除四倍体硬粒小麦A和B基因组中的EGT 2直向同源物，证明了EGT 2在大麦和小麦之间的根生长角控制中的进化保守作用。通过结合激光捕获显微切割和RNA测序，我们观察到7个expansin基因在延伸区转录下调。这与EGT 2在根的该区域中的作用一致，在该区域中，重力感测的效果通过差异细胞伸长来执行。我们的研究结果表明，EGT 2是一个进化保守的调节根生长角度在大麦和小麦，可能是一个有价值的目标，以根为基础的作物改良策略在谷物。
To date, the potential of utilizing root traits in plant breeding remains largely untapped. In this study, we cloned and characterized the ENHANCED GRAVITROPISM2 (EGT2) gene of barley that encodes a STERILE ALPHA MOTIF domain–containing protein. We demonstrated that EGT2 is a key gene of root growth angle regulation in response to gravity, which is conserved in barley and wheat and could be a promising target for crop improvement in cereals. The root growth angle defines how roots grow toward the gravity vector and is among the most important determinants of root system architecture. It controls water uptake capacity, nutrient use efficiency, stress resilience, and, as a consequence, yield of crop plants. We demonstrated that the egt2 (enhanced gravitropism 2) mutant of barley exhibits steeper root growth of seminal and lateral roots and an auxin-independent higher responsiveness to gravity compared to wild-type plants. We cloned the EGT2 gene by a combination of bulked-segregant analysis and whole genome sequencing. Subsequent validation experiments by an independent CRISPR/Cas9 mutant allele demonstrated that egt2 encodes a STERILE ALPHA MOTIF domain–containing protein. In situ hybridization experiments illustrated that EGT2 is expressed from the root cap to the elongation zone. We demonstrated the evolutionary conserved role of EGT2 in root growth angle control between barley and wheat by knocking out the EGT2 orthologs in the A and B genomes of tetraploid durum wheat. By combining laser capture microdissection with RNA sequencing, we observed that seven expansin genes were transcriptionally down-regulated in the elongation zone. This is consistent with a role of EGT2 in this region of the root where the effect of gravity sensing is executed by differential cell elongation. Our findings suggest that EGT2 is an evolutionary conserved regulator of root growth angle in barley and wheat that could be a valuable target for root-based crop improvement strategies in cereals.
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影响因子：
9.5
作者：
Cosgrove DJ
通讯作者：
Cosgrove DJ
DOI：
10.1093/bioinformatics/8.3.275
发表时间：
1992-06-01
期刊：
COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN THE BIOSCIENCES
影响因子：
--
作者：
JONES, DT;TAYLOR, WR;THORNTON, JM
通讯作者：
THORNTON, JM
DOI：
10.1093/bioinformatics/btu638
发表时间：
2015-01-15
期刊：
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Anders S;Pyl PT;Huber W
通讯作者：
Huber W
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Cingolani, Pablo;Platts, Adrian;Ruden, Douglas M.
通讯作者：
Ruden, Douglas M.
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Anjam, Muhammad Shahzad;Ludwig, Yvonne;Grundler, Florian M. W.
通讯作者：
Grundler, Florian M. W.