Scalable, enantioselective synthesis of germacrenes and related sesquiterpenes inspired by terpene cyclase phase logic.
Scalable, enantioselective synthesis of germacrenes and related sesquiterpenes inspired by terpene cyclase phase logic.
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DOI:
10.1002/anie.201206904
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发表时间:
2012-11-12
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Baran, Phil S.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Foo, Klement;Usui, Ippei;Goetz, Daniel C. G.;Werner, Erik W.;Holte, Dane;Baran, Phil S.
Our laboratory has a longstanding interest in harvesting new chemical knowledge by learning from terpene biosynthesis. The straightforward construction of carbocyclic terpene backbones such as epoxy-germacrenol (1, Scheme 1A) in a low oxidation state (cyclase phase) followed by regio-, chemo-, and stereoselective oxidative modifications (oxidase phase) allow Nature to access a wide variety of related family members in a divergent manner.[1] Earlier this year, we reported our initial forays into the redox-economic synthesis of terpenes that resemble 1 by oligomerization of unfunctionalized isoprene (Scheme 1B, path a).[2] These studies ultimately led us to a new approach that utilizes the more advanced, yet readily available, C15 building block farnesol (2, Scheme 1A) as a starting point. In this communication, a short, efficient, scalable, and enantioselective synthesis of 1 is described. Furthermore, we demonstrate how the key intermediate 1 can be processed not only to germacrane-type natural products by chemo-and stereoselective oxidations, but also to a variety of polycyclic sesquiterpene frameworks (like selinanes, guaianes, or elemenes) by acid-mediated transannular cyclization reactions.For the goal of establishing a scalable, divergent, and broadly applicable entry to a variety of related sesquiterpene families, the germacrenes were identified as strategic key intermediates due to the following reasons: 1) germacrenes constitute a large class of cyclic terpenes, many of which have been shown to exhibit promising bioactivities and, in addition, are of growing importance in the perfumery industry; 2) germacrenes are known to be a biosynthetic linchpin en route to various related terpene congeners; and 3) most importantly, many studies have demonstrated that germacrenes can be transformed into mono-, di-, and tricyclic sesquiterpene subclasses (eg, the elemenes, cadinanes, eudesmanes, guaianes, and bourbonanes) with the “Achilles heel” of these approaches being the accessibility of germacrene precursors in quantity.[3]
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影响因子:
1.8
作者:
FRIGERIO, M;SANTAGOSTINO, M
通讯作者:
SANTAGOSTINO, M
影响因子:
3.8
作者:
Ahmed, Ahmed A.;Hegazy, Mohamed-Elamir F.;Mabry, Tom J.
通讯作者:
Mabry, Tom J.
影响因子:
2.1
作者:
Azarken, Redouan;Guerra, Francisco M.;Massanet, Guillermo M.
通讯作者:
Massanet, Guillermo M.
影响因子:
1.8
作者:
KITAHARA, T;MORI, M;MORI, K
通讯作者:
MORI, K
影响因子:
64.8
作者:
Chen, Ke;Baran, Phil S.
通讯作者:
Baran, Phil S.