Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings.

Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings.
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DOI:
10.1186/1866-1955-4-19
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发表时间:
2012-07-06
影响因子:
4.9
通讯作者:
Allen JA
Allen JA
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dichter GS;Damiano CA;Allen JA

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这篇综述总结了一系列神经发育和精神疾病以及遗传综合征中奖赏回路功能失调的证据。首先,确定一个核心机制的过程中,不同的疾病疾病分类的贡献进行了讨论,然后由奖励电路的神经生物学的审查。接下来,我们考虑了一系列疾病中奖励途径功能障碍的临床前动物模型和临床证据,包括精神疾病(即,物质使用障碍、情感障碍、进食障碍和强迫症),神经发育障碍(即,精神分裂症、注意力缺陷/多动障碍、自闭症谱系障碍、图雷特综合征、行为障碍/对立违抗性障碍),和遗传综合征(即,脆性X综合征、Prader-Willi综合征、威廉姆斯综合征、Angelman综合征和Rett综合征)。我们还提供了对这些疾病中多巴胺系统有影响的有效精神药理学药物的简要概述。这篇评论的结论与方法的考虑,为未来的研究,旨在更清楚地探测奖励电路功能障碍,改善干预策略的最终目标。
This review summarizes evidence of dysregulated reward circuitry function in a range of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders and genetic syndromes. First, the contribution of identifying a core mechanistic process across disparate disorders to disease classification is discussed, followed by a review of the neurobiology of reward circuitry. We next consider preclinical animal models and clinical evidence of reward-pathway dysfunction in a range of disorders, including psychiatric disorders (i.e., substance-use disorders, affective disorders, eating disorders, and obsessive compulsive disorders), neurodevelopmental disorders (i.e., schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, Tourette’s syndrome, conduct disorder/oppositional defiant disorder), and genetic syndromes (i.e., Fragile X syndrome, Prader–Willi syndrome, Williams syndrome, Angelman syndrome, and Rett syndrome). We also provide brief overviews of effective psychopharmacologic agents that have an effect on the dopamine system in these disorders. This review concludes with methodological considerations for future research designed to more clearly probe reward-circuitry dysfunction, with the ultimate goal of improved intervention strategies.
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