Estimating the phylogeny and divergence times of primates using a supermatrix approach.
Estimating the phylogeny and divergence times of primates using a supermatrix approach.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2148-9-259
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发表时间：
2009-10-27
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Groves C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chatterjee HJ;Ho SY;Barnes I;Groves C
灵长类动物是研究最广泛的哺乳动物之一，已发表的文献中包含了对它们的行为、生理学、遗传学和生态学的大量分析。这一群体在医学和生物学研究中的重要性得到了很好的认可，并解释了大多数灵长类家庭和属的许多分子系统发育。对整个目的综合估计很少尝试，最后一次跨越灵长类进化关系全范围的系统发育重建是在十多年前进行的。为了估计灵长类动物进化史的结构和节奏，我们采用贝叶斯系统发育方法分析了由67属219种的7个线粒体基因（6138个核苷酸）和26属的3个核基因（2157个核苷酸）组成的数据超矩阵。许多分类群仅部分代表，平均每个种和每个属分别有3.95个和5.43个线粒体基因，每个属平均有2.23个核基因。我们的线粒体DNA分析将跗猴形虫作为Strepsirrhini的姐妹群。在Haplorrhini中，我们发现了Platyrrhini中Pitheciidae的初级分化的支持，我们的结果表明，Colobinae中有非洲和非非洲的colobines， Cercopithecini和Papionini在Cercopthecinae中有姐妹类群。给出了每个科属节点的日期估计，其中关键分支包括：6400万年前（MYA） Strepsirrhini-Haplorrhini, Lemuriformes-Lorisiformes， Platyrrhini-Catarrhini 43万年前和Cercopithecoidea-Hominoidea 29万年前。我们提出了一个最新的，全面的估计结构和灵长类动物进化史的速度。尽管我们对灵长类系统发育的了解仍有相当大的差距，但增加的数据采样，特别是来自核位点的数据采样，将能够提供进一步的解决方案。
The primates are among the most broadly studied mammalian orders, with the published literature containing extensive analyses of their behavior, physiology, genetics and ecology. The importance of this group in medical and biological research is well appreciated, and explains the numerous molecular phylogenies that have been proposed for most primate families and genera. Composite estimates for the entire order have been infrequently attempted, with the last phylogenetic reconstruction spanning the full range of primate evolutionary relationships having been conducted over a decade ago. To estimate the structure and tempo of primate evolutionary history, we employed Bayesian phylogenetic methods to analyze data supermatrices comprising 7 mitochondrial genes (6,138 nucleotides) from 219 species across 67 genera and 3 nuclear genes (2,157 nucleotides) from 26 genera. Many taxa were only partially represented, with an average of 3.95 and 5.43 mitochondrial genes per species and per genus, respectively, and 2.23 nuclear genes per genus. Our analyses of mitochondrial DNA place Tarsiiformes as the sister group of Strepsirrhini. Within Haplorrhini, we find support for the primary divergence of Pitheciidae in Platyrrhini, and our results suggest a sister grouping of African and non-African colobines within Colobinae and of Cercopithecini and Papionini within Cercopthecinae. Date estimates for nodes within each family and genus are presented, with estimates for key splits including: Strepsirrhini-Haplorrhini 64 million years ago (MYA), Lemuriformes-Lorisiformes 52 MYA, Platyrrhini-Catarrhini 43 MYA and Cercopithecoidea-Hominoidea 29 MYA. We present an up-to-date, comprehensive estimate of the structure and tempo of primate evolutionary history. Although considerable gaps remain in our knowledge of the primate phylogeny, increased data sampling, particularly from nuclear loci, will be able to provide further resolution.
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