Early endosome motility spatially organizes polysome distribution.

Early endosome motility spatially organizes polysome distribution.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.201307164
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发表时间:
2014-02-03
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Steinberg G
Steinberg G
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Higuchi Y;Ashwin P;Roger Y;Steinberg G

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为了将蛋白质翻译机制分布在细胞质中,玉米黑粉菌中的多聚体与可移动的早期内小体联系在一起,导致沿着微管的远程移动。早期内含体(EES)介导蛋白质的分选,其依赖细胞骨架的运动支持神经元中的长距离信号传递。在这里,我们报告了一个在真菌模型系统中分配翻译机器的EE运动性的意外作用。我们对核糖体亚单位蛋白进行了可视化,发现大的亚基在细胞质中扩散缓慢(DC,60S=0.311微米2/S),而整个多聚体沿着微管进行远程移动。这一运动是通过“搭便车”在Kinesin-3和dynein驱动的EES上进行的,在那里,多聚体似乎将EE相关的mRNA翻译成蛋白质。模拟表明,这种马达驱动的运输对于新形成的核糖体的细胞分布是必要的。事实上,在缺乏RNA结合蛋白Rrm4的突变体中,EE运动性受损,或者它们无法与EES结合,减少了核糖体的运输,并诱导了核糖体在核附近的聚集。结果,细胞生长受到严格限制。总而言之,我们的结果表明,多聚体与运动的EES有关,并且“卸载和重新加载”分布着蛋白质翻译机制。
To distribute the protein translation machinery throughout the cytoplasm, polysomes in the fungus Ustilago maydis associate with mobile early endosomes, resulting in long-range motility along microtubules. Early endosomes (EEs) mediate protein sorting, and their cytoskeleton-dependent motility supports long-distance signaling in neurons. Here, we report an unexpected role of EE motility in distributing the translation machinery in a fungal model system. We visualize ribosomal subunit proteins and show that the large subunits diffused slowly throughout the cytoplasm (Dc,60S = 0.311 µm2/s), whereas entire polysomes underwent long-range motility along microtubules. This movement was mediated by “hitchhiking” on kinesin-3 and dynein-driven EEs, where the polysomes appeared to translate EE-associated mRNA into proteins. Modeling indicates that this motor-driven transport is required for even cellular distribution of newly formed ribosomes. Indeed, impaired EE motility in motor mutants, or their inability to bind EEs in mutants lacking the RNA-binding protein Rrm4, reduced ribosome transport and induced ribosome aggregation near the nucleus. As a consequence, cell growth was severely restricted. Collectively, our results indicate that polysomes associate with moving EEs and that “off- and reloading” distributes the protein translation machinery.
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