The prenatal gut microbiome: are we colonized with bacteria in utero?
The prenatal gut microbiome: are we colonized with bacteria in utero?
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DOI：
10.1111/ijpo.12217
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发表时间：
2017-08
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Loos RJF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walker RW;Clemente JC;Peter I;Loos RJF
在生命早期，肠道微生物的定植对新生儿免疫系统的发育、代谢功能和未来的健康至关重要。母体微生物在分娩过程中传播给后代，这是婴儿肠道定植的关键步骤。对婴儿胎粪的研究表明，细菌在出生前就存在于胎儿肠道中，这意味着产前可能会发生定植。动物研究表明，产前微生物传播给胎儿是可能的，在怀孕母亲中观察到的生理变化表明，子宫内转移也可能发生在人类身上。然而，缺乏细菌在子宫内转移到人类的直接证据。了解人类肠道首次定植的时间和机制对于全面了解早期肠道微生物组至关重要。这篇综述将讨论支持子宫内微生物从母亲传播给婴儿的证据。我们还回顾了转移细菌的来源，转移的生理机制和母体微生物组的修饰剂及其在早期婴儿健康中的潜在作用。精心设计的纵向出生研究，解释了肠道微生物组的既定修饰剂是具有挑战性的，但将是必要的，以确认在子宫内转移，并进一步了解产前微生物组。
The colonization of the gut with microbes in early life is critical to the developing newborn immune system, metabolic function and potentially future health. Maternal microbes are transmitted to offspring during childbirth, representing a key step in the colonization of the infant gut. Studies of infant meconium suggest that bacteria are present in the fetal gut prior to birth, meaning that colonization could occur prenatally. Animal studies have shown that prenatal transmission of microbes to the fetus is possible and physiological changes observed in pregnant mothers indicate that in utero transfer is likely in humans as well. However, direct evidence of in utero transfer of bacteria in humans is lacking. Understanding the timing and mechanisms involved in the first colonization of the human gut is critical to a comprehensive understanding of the early life gut microbiome. This review will discuss the evidence supporting in utero transmission of microbes from mother to infants. We also review sources of transferred bacteria, physiological mechanisms of transfer and modifiers of maternal microbiomes and their potential role in early life infant health. Well-designed longitudinal birth studies that account for established modifiers of the gut microbiome are challenging, but will be necessary to confirm in utero transfer and further our knowledge of the prenatal microbiome.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Aagaard K;Riehle K;Ma J;Segata N;Mistretta TA;Coarfa C;Raza S;Rosenbaum S;Van den Veyver I;Milosavljevic A;Gevers D;Huttenhower C;Petrosino J;Versalovic J
通讯作者：
Versalovic J
影响因子：
17.1
作者：
Arrieta, Marie-Claire;Stiemsma, Leah T.;Finlay, B. Brett
通讯作者：
Finlay, B. Brett
影响因子：
14.6
作者：
Azad, Meghan B.;Konya, Theodore;Kozyrskyj, Anita L.
通讯作者：
Kozyrskyj, Anita L.
DOI：
10.1016/s1470-0328(02)01349-6
发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Bearfield, C;Davenport, ES;Allaker, RP
通讯作者：
Allaker, RP
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Azad, M. B.;Bridgman, S. L.;Kozyrskyj, A. L.
通讯作者：
Kozyrskyj, A. L.