Segment-specific pattern of sympathetic preganglionic projections in the chicken embryo spinal cord is altered by retinoids.
Segment-specific pattern of sympathetic preganglionic projections in the chicken embryo spinal cord is altered by retinoids.
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鸡胚脊髓中交感神经节前投射的节段特异性模式被类维生素A改变。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.95.18.10878
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Glover,JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forehand,CJ;Ezerman,EB;Goldblatt,JP;Skidmore,DL;Glover,JC
交感节前神经元显示节段特异性投射。节前神经元位于肩部脊髓节段，在交感神经链的吻侧投射，位于尾侧脊髓节段的节前神经元向尾侧投射，位于胸中节段的节前神经元以节段性的比例投射到吻侧或尾侧。此外，每个中胸段的吻侧和尾侧投射的节前神经元分别偏向吻侧和尾侧区域。建立这些特定区段预测的机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们展示了在鸡胚胎中对维甲酸信号的实验操作改变了交感节前投射的节段特异性模式，并且这种影响是由体细胞中胚层介导的。将外源性维甲酸应用于单个吻侧胸椎体节，可减少在该水平投射到吻侧的节前神经元的数量。相反，扰乱单个尾侧胸体节内源性维甲酸的合成会增加在该水平投射的节前神经元的数量。尾侧投射神经元的数量在两种情况下都没有改变，这表明这种影响是专用于头端投射的节前神经元的。这些结果表明，吻侧和尾侧投射种群的大小可能受到不同因素的独立调控。这些因素沿胚胎胸区纵轴的相反梯度，结合起来足以确定节前投射的节段特异性。
Sympathetic preganglionic neurons exhibit segment-specific projections. Preganglionic neurons located in rostral spinal segments project rostrally within the sympathetic chain, those located in caudal spinal segments project caudally, and those in midthoracic segments project either rostrally or caudally in segmentally graded proportions. Moreover, rostrally and caudally projecting preganglionic neurons are skewed toward the rostral and caudal regions, respectively, of each midthoracic segment. The mechanisms that establish these segment-specific projections are unknown. Here we show that experimental manipulation of retinoid signaling in the chicken embryo alters the segment-specific pattern of sympathetic preganglionic projections and that this effect is mediated by the somitic mesoderm. Application of exogenous retinoic acid to a single rostral thoracic somite decreases the number of rostrally projecting preganglionic neurons at that level. Conversely, disrupting endogenous synthesis of retinoic acid in a single caudal thoracic somite increases the number of rostrally projecting preganglionic neurons at that level. The number of caudally projecting neurons does not change in either case, indicating that the effect is specific for rostrally projecting preganglionic neurons. These results indicate that the sizes of the rostrally and caudally projecting populations may be independently regulated by different factors. Opposing gradients of such factors along the longitudinal axis of the thoracic region of the embryo could be sufficient, in combination, to determine the segment-specific identity of preganglionic projections.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Susan M. Smith
通讯作者：
Susan M. Smith
视黄酸结合蛋白、菱形核和神经嵴。
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Malcolm Maden;P. Hunt;U. Eriksson;Atsushi Kuroiwa;Robb Krumlauf;Dennis Summerbell
通讯作者：
Dennis Summerbell
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.91.15.7194
发表时间：
1994-07
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
P. McCaffery;U. C. Dräger
通讯作者：
P. McCaffery;U. C. Dräger
影响因子：
4
作者：
LANGSTON, AW;GUDAS, LJ
通讯作者：
GUDAS, LJ
神经生长因子和 hemicholinium-3 减少鸡胚胸腰节前细胞柱中自然发生的细胞死亡。
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
R. Oppenheim;J. Maderdrut;D. Wells
通讯作者：
D. Wells