Burkholderia pseudomallei.
Burkholderia pseudomallei.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tim.2023.07.008
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发表时间：
2024-01
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Garcia, Erin C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Phillips, Erica D.;Garcia, Erin C.
假麦氏伯克氏菌是一种革兰氏阴性的兼性细胞内细菌，存在于热带土壤的根际。假芽孢杆菌引起类鼻疽病，通过皮肤进入、摄入或吸入被污染的土壤或水传播。假芽孢杆菌感染可引起广泛的临床症状，如肺炎、骨、关节、皮肤、泌尿生殖系统和中枢神经系统感染，以及儿童腮腺脓肿。哺乳动物的毒力与假芽孢杆菌的细胞内生命周期有关，该生命周期始于宿主细胞的附着和内化。假芽孢杆菌可感染多种真核细胞，包括巨噬细胞、单核细胞和中性粒细胞，以及非吞噬细胞。一旦内化，3型分泌系统（T3SSBsa）促进假芽孢杆菌逃离吞噬体，细菌在细胞质中复制。自转运蛋白BimA介导肌动蛋白聚合，使假假芽孢杆菌利用肌动蛋白为基础的运动能力在细胞间扩散。这一过程，加上6型分泌系统（T6SS-5）的活性，导致宿主膜融合和多核巨细胞的形成。胶囊多糖也有助于毒力和逃避宿主先天免疫。假芽孢杆菌感染的治疗由于生物体对多种抗菌素的内在耐药性而变得复杂，这主要是由于大量的外排泵和降低的外膜通透性。虽然假假芽孢杆菌通常与东南亚和澳大利亚北部的流行“热点”有关，但越来越多的证据表明，它可能在热带和亚热带的大范围地区流行，包括非洲、南美洲、中东、中美洲和加勒比地区。在世界其他地区也发现了有利于假芽孢杆菌生存的土壤和气候条件。因此，对于位于高流行地区以外的临床和公共卫生实验室来说，重要的是要了解假假芽孢杆菌，并改进诊断和报告方法。
Burkholderia pseudomallei is a Gram negative, facultative intracellular bacterium that resides in the rhizosphere of tropical soils. B. pseudomallei causes melioidosis, which is transmitted by cutaneous entry, ingestion, or inhalation of contaminated soil or water. Infection with B. pseudomallei can cause a wide array of clinical symptoms such as pneumonia, bone, joint, skin, genitourinary, and central nervous system infections, as well as parotid abscesses in children. Mammalian virulence is linked to the B. pseudomallei intracellular life cycle, which begins with attachment and internalization by host cells. B. pseudomallei can infect a wide range of eukaryotic cells, including macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils, as well as nonphagocytic cells. Once internalized, a type 3 secretion system (T3SSBsa) facilitates B. pseudomallei escape from the phagosome, and the bacteria replicate in the cytoplasm. Autotransporter protein BimA mediates actin polymerization, enabling B. pseudomallei to spread, cell to cell, using actin-based motility. This process, coupled with the activity of a type 6 secretion system (T6SS-5), results in host membrane fusion and the formation of multinucleated giant cells. Capsule polysaccharides also contribute to virulence and evasion of host innate immunity. Treatment of B. pseudomallei infections is complicated by the organism’s intrinsic resistance to multiple classes of antimicrobials, largely due to an abundance of efflux pumps and reduced outer membrane permeability. While B. pseudomallei is commonly associated with endemic ‘hotspots’ in southeast Asia and northern Australia, there is increasing evidence that it is likely endemic in a large range of tropical and subtropical areas, including regions in Africa, South America, the Middle East, Central America, and the Caribbean. Soil and climate conditions favorable for B. pseudomallei survival are also found in additional areas worldwide. Consequently, it is important for clinical and public health laboratories located outside of high-endemicity areas to be aware of B. pseudomallei, as well as for improved diagnostic and reporting methods.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Whitmore, A.
通讯作者：
Whitmore, A.
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Tuanyok A;Leadem BR;Auerbach RK;Beckstrom-Sternberg SM;Beckstrom-Sternberg JS;Mayo M;Wuthiekanun V;Brettin TS;Nierman WC;Peacock SJ;Currie BJ;Wagner DM;Keim P
通讯作者：
Keim P
影响因子：
28.2
作者：
Kaestli, Mirjam;Grist, Eric P. M.;Currie, Bart J.
通讯作者：
Currie, Bart J.
影响因子：
28.3
作者：
Limmathurotsakul, Direk;Golding, Nick;Hay, Simon I.
通讯作者：
Hay, Simon I.
影响因子：
81.5
作者：
Wiersinga, W. Joost;Virk, Harjeet S.;Limmathurotsakul, Direk
通讯作者：
Limmathurotsakul, Direk