Retinal Neurovascular Coupling in Diabetes.
Retinal Neurovascular Coupling in Diabetes.
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DOI：
10.3390/jcm9092829
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Schmetterer L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garhöfer G;Chua J;Tan B;Wong D;Schmidl D;Schmetterer L
神经血管耦联，也称为功能性充血，是响应功能活动调节神经组织中血流的生理学关键机制之一。在视网膜中，增加的神经活动，例如由视觉刺激诱导的神经活动，导致视网膜小动脉扩张，这伴随着视网膜和视神经头血流的立即增加。根据目前的科学观点，功能性充血确保了营养物质和代谢物的充足供应，以应对神经组织增加的代谢需求。虽然神经血管偶联背后的分子机制尚未完全阐明，但有令人信服的证据表明，这种调节在各种神经退行性疾病和血管疾病中受损。特别是，已经表明功能性充血反应的破坏是糖尿病患者的早期事件。有令人信服的证据表明，神经血管耦合的改变先于糖尿病视网膜病变的可见体征。基于这些观察，已经假设功能性充血的破坏可能导致糖尿病的视网膜并发症，例如糖尿病性视网膜病变或黄斑水肿。本文综述了糖尿病患者神经血管耦联受损的现有证据。在这种情况下，功能性充血在健康和疾病的分子机制将被覆盖。最后，我们还将讨论神经血管偶联将来如何用于监测疾病进展或危险分层。
Neurovascular coupling, also termed functional hyperemia, is one of the physiological key mechanisms to adjust blood flow in a neural tissue in response to functional activity. In the retina, increased neural activity, such as that induced by visual stimulation, leads to the dilatation of retinal arterioles, which is accompanied by an immediate increase in retinal and optic nerve head blood flow. According to the current scientific view, functional hyperemia ensures the adequate supply of nutrients and metabolites in response to the increased metabolic demand of the neural tissue. Although the molecular mechanisms behind neurovascular coupling are not yet fully elucidated, there is compelling evidence that this regulation is impaired in a wide variety of neurodegenerative and vascular diseases. In particular, it has been shown that the breakdown of the functional hyperemic response is an early event in patients with diabetes. There is compelling evidence that alterations in neurovascular coupling precede visible signs of diabetic retinopathy. Based on these observations, it has been hypothesized that a breakdown of functional hyperemia may contribute to the retinal complications of diabetes such as diabetic retinopathy or macular edema. The present review summarizes the current evidence of impaired neurovascular coupling in patients with diabetes. In this context, the molecular mechanisms of functional hyperemia in health and disease will be covered. Finally, we will also discuss how neurovascular coupling may in future be used to monitor disease progression or risk stratification.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Fondi K;Bata AM;Luft N;Witkowska KJ;Werkmeister RM;Schmidl D;Bolz M;Schmetterer L;Garhöfer G
通讯作者：
Garhöfer G
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Blair, Norman P.;Wanek, Justin M.;Shahidi, Mahnaz
通讯作者：
Shahidi, Mahnaz
影响因子：
2
作者：
Formaz, F;Riva, CE;Geiser, M
通讯作者：
Geiser, M
影响因子：
20.1
作者：
Beckman, Joshua A.;Creager, Mark A.
通讯作者：
Creager, Mark A.
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
CALVER, A;COLLIER, J;VALLANCE, P
通讯作者：
VALLANCE, P