Male wasp genitalia as an anti-predator defense
Male wasp genitalia as an anti-predator defense
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雄性黄蜂生殖器作为反捕食者的防御
DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2022.11.030
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Tsujii Misaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sugiura Shinji;Tsujii Misaki
捕食者可以引起选择，从而推动猎物中各种反捕食者防御的进化1,2,3。一些被捕食的物种进化出了特定的防御装置，而另一些物种则只是利用身体的某些部位来击退捕食者，而这些部位的进化并非出于防御的原因。例如，许多动物物种都有强壮的犬齿或下颌骨来杀死猎物和反击敌人。蜜蜂和黄蜂（昆虫纲：膜翅目）用它们的产卵器作为刺来击退攻击者，包括人类。注射毒液螫人会引起剧烈疼痛和过敏反应。因此，有刺的膜翅目昆虫被认为是危险的，它们进化出了警告信号，比如明显的身体颜色。膜翅目雄蜂没有产卵者，因此被认为是无害的，雄蜂通过模仿雌蜂的颜色和行为来躲避捕食者。本文报道了雄性石蜂（膜翅目：蜂科：姬蜂科）使用尖锐的生殖器刺来反击捕食者。一个潜在的捕食者，树蛙，日本湿藓（=日本水螅）（无尾目：水螅科）或池塘蛙，黑斑蛙（无尾目：水螅科），被安置在雄性的笼子里。实验室条件下的gibbifrons。所有的树蛙和池塘蛙都攻击雄黄蜂。虽然所有的塘蛙都吃了雄黄蜂，但35.3%的树蛙最终拒绝了它们。人们经常观察到雄黄蜂在受到攻击时用生殖器刺穿青蛙的嘴或其他部位。树蛙也与雄性黄蜂一起饲养，雄性黄蜂的生殖器被切除。所有这些青蛙都吃没有生殖器的雄蛙。因此，雄黄蜂用它们的生殖器来防止树蛙吞食它们。该研究强调了雄性生殖器作为一种防御捕食者的重要作用，并为理解动物雄性生殖器的生态作用提供了新的视角。
Predators can cause selection that drives the evolution of various anti-predator defenses in prey1,2,3. Some prey species have evolved specific defensive devices, while others simply use body parts that evolved for reasons other than defense to repel predators1. For example, many animal species have strong canine teeth or mandibles to kill prey and to counterattack their enemies1,2,3. Bees and wasps (Insecta: Hymenoptera) use their ovipositors as stings to repel attackers, including humans4. Stinging by injecting venom can cause intense pain and allergic reactions in humans4. Therefore, stinging hymenopterans that are recognized as dangerous have evolved warning signals, such as conspicuous body coloration4. Hymenopteran males, which lack ovipositors, are believed to be harmless, and the males avoid predators by mimicking the females' coloration and behavior4. Here, we report that males of the mason waspAnterhynchium gibbifrons(Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) use sharp genital spines to counterattack predators. A potential predator, the tree frogDryophytes japonica(=Hyla japonica) (Anura: Hylidae) or the pond frogPelophylax nigromaculatus(Anura: Ranidae), was housed with maleA.gibbifronsunder laboratory conditions. All tree and pond frogs attacked the male wasps. Although all of the pond frogs ate the male wasps, 35.3% of the tree frogs ultimately rejected them. Male wasps were frequently observed to pierce the mouth or other parts of frogs with their genitalia while being attacked. The tree frogs were also housed with male wasps from which the genitalia were removed. All these frogs ate the genitalia-less males. Therefore, male wasps used their genitalia to prevent tree frogs from swallowing them. This study highlights the importance of male genitalia as an anti-predator defense and provides a new perspective for understanding the ecological roles of male genitalia in animals.
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捕食者是昆虫防御的驱动力
影响因子：
0.9
作者：
Fukunishi Miki;Sasai Shinsaku;Tojo Motoaki;Mochizuki Tomofumi;Sugiura Shinji
通讯作者：
Sugiura Shinji
没有一顿饭吃得太多
影响因子：
10.3
作者：
K. Suetsugu;Y. Sakakibara
通讯作者：
Y. Sakakibara
本地和假定的非本地黄蜂物种之间的间接相互作用（膜翅目：胡蜂科：Eumeninae：Anterhynchium）
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Misaki Tsujii;T. Endo;Yuki Matsui;Shinji Sugiura
通讯作者：
Shinji Sugiura
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1416679112
发表时间：
2015-05-19
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Kawahara, Akito Y.;Barber, Jesse R.
通讯作者：
Barber, Jesse R.