Autotaxin in Breast Cancer: Role, Epigenetic Regulation and Clinical Implications.
Autotaxin in Breast Cancer: Role, Epigenetic Regulation and Clinical Implications.
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Autotaxin （ATX）与多种癌症的发病机制有关，尤其是乳腺癌（BC）。BC是女性中最常见的癌症之一，尽管在早期发现和治疗选择方面取得了重大进展，但挑战仍然存在。本综述旨在总结ATX在BC中的作用和调控的现有知识，并阐明其临床应用的潜力。Autotaxin （ATX）是外核苷酸焦磷酸酶磷酸二酯酶2 （ENPP2）的蛋白产物，是一种分泌的溶血磷脂酶D (lysoPLD)，负责细胞外溶血磷脂酸（LPA）的产生。ATX-LPA信号通路参与多种正常的生物学功能，但也与癌症进展、转移和炎症过程有关。重要的研究已经确定了它在乳腺癌中的作用，并已被建议作为治疗靶点和/或临床相关的生物标志物。最近，ENPP2甲基化被描述，揭示了在液体活检中的临床开发潜力。本文旨在收集ATX-LPA异常信号在乳腺癌中的最新发现，并讨论ENPP2表达和表观遗传修饰的作用，提供具有翻译价值的见解。
Autotaxin (ATX) has been linked with the pathogenesis of several cancers and especially with breast cancer (BC). BC is one of the most common cancers among women and although significant steps have been made regarding its early detection and treatment options, challenges still remain. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of the role and regulation of ATX in BC and to shed light on its potential for clinical applications. Autotaxin (ATX), the protein product of Ectonucleotide Pyrophosphatase Phosphodiesterase 2 (ENPP2), is a secreted lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) responsible for the extracellular production of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). ATX-LPA pathway signaling participates in several normal biological functions, but it has also been connected to cancer progression, metastasis and inflammatory processes. Significant research has established a role in breast cancer and it has been suggested as a therapeutic target and/or a clinically relevant biomarker. Recently, ENPP2 methylation was described, revealing a potential for clinical exploitation in liquid biopsy. The current review aims to gather the latest findings about aberrant signaling through ATX-LPA in breast cancer and discusses the role of ENPP2 expression and epigenetic modification, giving insights with translational value.
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20.3
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