Efficient architectural exploration of TAGE branch predictor for embedded processors

Efficient architectural exploration of TAGE branch predictor for embedded processors
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嵌入式处理器 TAGE 分支预测器的高效架构探索

DOI:
10.1016/j.mejo.2019.04.019
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发表时间:
2019-06
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Qiang Dou
Qiang Dou
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Libo Huang;Qi Yu;Chaobing Zhou;Jianqiao Ma;Zhisheng Li;Qiang Dou

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嵌入式处理器通常受到芯片面积和功耗的限制,利用有限的资源设计一个精确的分支预测器成为一个紧迫的问题。在本文中,我们对用于嵌入式处理器的具有超小随机存取存储器(RAM)的TAGE预测器进行设计空间探索。我们首先定义设计空间探索问题,然后提出基于粒子群优化(PSO)的探索框架来探索TAGE预测器的参数。为了进行不同目的的探索,我们提出了一个综合指标,它集成了预测准确性、面积和功耗。对于只考虑预测准确性的探索,结果表明,与双模(Bi - mode)和GShare预测器相比,我们的方法所探索的参数实现了更好的性能 - 面积效率。对于考虑面积和功耗的探索,结果表明,与以准确性优先的探索相比,以面积优先的探索实现了更好的性能 - 面积和性能 - 功耗效率。此外,以面积优先的探索和以功耗优先的探索具有相似的结果。我们还研究了训练轨迹如何影响整体性能。结果表明,不同训练轨迹之间的性能差距很小,并且我们的方法对用于探索的轨迹不敏感。
Embedded processors are usually limited by silicon budget and power consumption, and utilizing limited resources to design an accurate branch predictor becomes an urgent issue. In this paper, we conduct design space explorations of TAGE predictor with ultra-small RAM for embedded processors. We first define the design space exploration problem, and then we propose PSO-based exploration framework to explore parameters of TAGE predictor. To conduct explorations with different purposes, we propose a composite metric which integrates prediction accuracy, area, and power consumption..For explorations only considering prediction accuracy, results show that compared with Bi-mode and GShare predictor, parameters explored by our method achieves better performance-area efficiency. For explorations considering the area and power consumption, results show that compared to accuracy-first exploration, area-first exploration achieves better performance-area and performance-power efficiency. In addition, area-first exploration and power-first exploration have similar results. We also study how training traces impact overall performance. Results show that the performance gap between different training traces is small and our method is insensitive to traces selected for exploration.
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