Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Target for Exercise-Mediated Reductions in Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Risk.
Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Target for Exercise-Mediated Reductions in Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Risk.
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DOI：
10.1155/2018/7807245
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Malin SK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eichner NZM;Erdbrügger U;Malin SK
定期锻炼对于降低2型糖尿病(T2D)和/或心血管疾病(CVD)的风险很重要。然而，只有大约40%-50%的心血管疾病风险降低是由肥胖、高血糖、高血压和血脂异常引起的。在此，我们提出了一个新的假设，即细胞外小泡(EVS)是与内皮功能受损和胰岛素抵抗相关的候选生物标记物，独立于肥胖危险因素。EVS是细胞在刺激、应激或激活后产生的膜结合的小颗粒。它们携带其母细胞的标记，被认为是强有力的生物激活剂和沟通者。我们讨论了特定细胞类型EV的潜在生理学，以及急性和慢性运动干预如何影响EV数量和表型。我们还提出，目前该领域的差距部分与使用不同的检测技术有关，以及缺乏影响分析前和分析后阶段的EV标准化测量。最终，提高对EVS如何影响心脏代谢健康及其功能的理解将导致改进方法，以增强诊断选择以及设计治疗和/或预防T2D和CVD的运动干预措施。
Regular exercise is important for reducing type 2 diabetes (T2D) and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, only about 40–50% of this CVD risk reduction is accounted for by adiposity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Herein, we present the novel hypothesis that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are candidate biomarkers that may relate to impaired endothelial function and insulin resistance independent of obesity risk factors. EVs are small membrane-bound particles that are generated by cells following stimulation, stress, or activation. They carry markers of their parent cell and are thought to be potent bioactivators and communicators. We discuss the underlying physiology of specific cell type EVs, as well as examine how acute and chronic exercise interventions impact EV count and phenotype. We also propose that current gaps in the field are in part related to use of different detection techniques and the lack of standardized measurements of EV affecting the pre- and postanalytical phase. Ultimately, improving the understanding of how EVs impact cardiometabolic health and their function will lead to improved approaches for enhancing diagnostic options as well as designing exercise interventions that treat and/or prevent T2D and CVD.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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