Cell Polarity 2

Cell Polarity 2
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电池极性 2

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-319-14466-5
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
K. Ebnet
K. Ebnet
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
K. Ebnet

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细胞和组织的极性引导着许多不同的发育过程,包括在对称和不对称细胞分裂之间的选择。不对称分裂创造了细胞多样性,是维持组织特异性干细胞所必需的。另一方面,对称分裂促进了细胞的指数级增殖。极化的细胞通常通过沿着极轴分裂而对称分裂。或者,细胞在垂直于极轴的平面上的分裂会导致不对称分裂。为了控制这一决定,发育线索定位有丝分裂纺锤体,它指示细胞分裂的平面。在动物细胞中,纺锤体的位置取决于异三聚体G蛋白α亚基、TPR-GoLoco结构域蛋白和NUMA相关卷曲蛋白之间进化上保守的相互作用。这种三聚体复合体招募动力蛋白微管马达,并捕获皮层的星形微管。动力蛋白运动和解聚微管之间的相互作用产生了皮质牵引力,促进了运动和纺锤体的定位。通过鲜为人知的机制,细胞极性和其他发育信号控制微管拉力,指示细胞分裂的方向和平面。在这一章中,我们回顾了目前对细胞极性和纺锤体定位之间联系的理解,重点是早期C的研究。优雅的胚胎。线虫C。优雅细胞通过高度可重复性的分裂模式发育,并已被证明是研究不对称细胞分裂的调节和执行的有力模型。
Cell and tissue polarity guides a large variety of developmental processes, including the choice between symmetric and asymmetric cell division. Asymmetric divisions create cell diversity and are needed for the maintenance of tissue-specific stem cells. Symmetric divisions, on the other hand, promote exponential cell proliferation. Polarized cells often divide symmetrically by cleaving along the axis of polarity. Alternatively, cell cleavage in a plane perpendicular to the polarity axis results in asymmetric division. To control this decision, developmental cues position the mitotic spindle, which instructs the plane of cell cleavage. In animal cells, the positioning of the spindle depends on evolutionarily conserved interactions between a heterotrimeric G-protein alpha subunit, TPR–GoLoco domain protein, and NuMA-related coiled-coil protein. This trimeric complex recruits the dynein microtubule motor and captures astral microtubules at the cortex. The interplay between dynein movement and depolymerizing microtubules generates cortical pulling forces that promote aster movement and spindle positioning. Through mechanisms that are poorly understood, cell polarity and other developmental signals control the microtubule-pulling forces to instruct the orientation and plane of cell division. In this chapter, we review the current understanding of the connection between cell polarity and spindle positioning, with a focus on studies of the earlyC. elegansembryo. The nematodeC. elegansdevelops through a highly reproducible division pattern and has proven to be a powerful model for studying the regulation and execution of asymmetric cell division.
线虫中的选择性剪接。
DOI: 10.1895/wormbook.1.31.1
发表时间: 2005
期刊: WormBook : the online review of C. elegans biology
影响因子: --
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DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80848-x
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影响因子: 64.5
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Shulman, JM;Benton, R;St Johnston, D
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DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a003384
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影响因子: 7.2
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皮质域校正重新定位极性边界以匹配线虫胚胎中的胞质分裂沟
DOI: --
发表时间: 2010
期刊: Development
影响因子: 4.6
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Christian Schenk;H. Bringmann;A. Hyman;C. Cowan
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DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9822(02)01355-6
发表时间: 2002-12-23
期刊: CURRENT BIOLOGY
影响因子: 9.2
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