Oxytocin and Vasopressin, and the GABA Developmental Shift During Labor and Birth: Friends or Foes?
Oxytocin and Vasopressin, and the GABA Developmental Shift During Labor and Birth: Friends or Foes?
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DOI：
10.3389/fncel.2018.00254
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Ben-Ari Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ben-Ari Y
催产素（OT）和抗利尿素（AVP）通常与前者的社交能力和减轻压力有关，而抗利尿剂与后者的严重压力和病理状况有关。OT和AVP在分娩过程中都起着重要作用。近年来相互矛盾的研究表明，它们可能在GABA兴奋性/抑制性发育转变中发挥不同的作用。我们（Tyzio等人）报道，在出生时，OT通过细胞内氯离子水平（[Cl−]i）的突然降低（在子宫内很高）来发挥神经保护作用，加强gaba能抑制并调节皮层网络第一次同步模式的产生。这种[Cl−]i水平的降低在脆性X综合征和自闭症谱系障碍的啮齿动物模型中被消除，其恢复减轻了病理后遗症的严重程度，强调了出生时转变的重要性（Tyzio等人，）。相比之下，Kaila和同事（Spoljaric等人）报道了出生前后的兴奋性GABA行为由AVP调节，而不是由OT调节，这对发育转变和OT的作用都提出了挑战。在这里，我分析了这些研究之间的差异，并提出AVP/OT的比值与兴奋性/抑制性GABA的比值一样取决于应激和病理条件。
Oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (AVP) are usually associated with sociability and reduced stress for the former and antidiuretic agent associated with severe stress and pathological conditions for the latter. Both OT and AVP play major roles during labor and birth. Recent contradictory studies suggest that they might exert different roles on the GABA excitatory/inhibitory developmental shift. We reported (Tyzio et al.,) that at birth, OT exerts a neuro-protective action mediated by an abrupt reduction of intracellular chloride levels ([Cl−]i) that are high in utero, reinforcing GABAergic inhibition and modulating the generation of the first synchronized patterns of cortical networks. This reduction of [Cl−]i levels is abolished in rodent models of Fragile X Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorders, and its restoration attenuates the severity of the pathological sequels, stressing the importance of the shift at birth (Tyzio et al.,). In contrast, Kaila and co-workers (Spoljaric et al.,) reported excitatory GABA actions before and after birth that are modulated by AVP but not by OT, challenging both the developmental shift and the roles of OT. Here, I analyze the differences between these studies and suggest that the ratio AVP/OT like that of excitatory/inhibitory GABA depend on stress and pathological conditions.
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