How do natural killer T cells help B cells?

How do natural killer T cells help B cells?
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DOI:
10.1586/erv.09.56
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发表时间:
2009-08
影响因子:
6.2
通讯作者:
Lang ML
Lang ML
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lang ML

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CD1d限制性自然杀伤(NKT)细胞是抗原特异性抗体应答的重要贡献者。因此,有相当大的兴趣在设计和实施的战略,以适当地激活NKT细胞和加强疫苗诱导的保护性抗体反应。为了实现这些目标,研究人员正在研究NKT细胞增强抗体反应的机制。尽管信息有限,但现在可以理解,表达CD 1 d的B细胞和NKT细胞之间的同源和非同源相互作用都会增强抗体反应。NKT细胞可以以直接受体介导的相互作用以及通过分泌可溶性效应物(包括细胞因子)的形式提供B细胞帮助。在这篇文章中,我们回顾了支持这些机制的证据,并讨论了它们如何可能发生在NKT细胞与其他细胞类型,如树突状细胞和辅助性T细胞的相互作用的背景下。我们还讨论了证据表明,NKT细胞影响离散分化事件的多步骤过程中,一个幼稚的B细胞的经验抗原和发展成为记忆B细胞或抗体分泌浆细胞。由于大多数关于NKT细胞和体液免疫的信息来自小鼠研究,我们讨论了人类NKT细胞和体液免疫的已知情况。我们提供了关于小鼠系统中的发现是否会转化为人类的想法。
CD1d-restricted natural killer (NKT) cells are important contributors to antigen-specific antibody responses. There is, therefore, considerable interest in the design and implementation of strategies to appropriately activate NKT cells and boost vaccine-induced protective antibody responses. In order to achieve these goals, investigators are examining the mechanisms by which NKT cells enhance antibody responses. Although information is limited, it is now appreciated that both cognate and noncognate interactions between CD1d-expressing B cells and NKT cells drive enhanced antibody responses. NKT cells may provide B-cell help in the form of direct receptor-mediated interactions as well as by secretion of soluble effectors, including cytokines. In this article, we review the evidence in support of these mechanisms and discuss how they likely take place in the context of interactions of NKT cells with other cell types, such as dendritic cells and helper T cells. We also discuss the evidence that NKT cells affect discrete differentiation events in the multistep process by which a naive B cell experiences antigen and develops into a memory B cell or an antibody-secreting plasma cell. Since most information on NKT cells and humoral immunity has been derived from murine studies, we discuss what is known about human NKT cells and humoral immunity. We offer thoughts on whether the findings in murine systems will translate to humans.
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