Behavioral response bias and event-related brain potentials implicate elevated incentive salience attribution to alcohol cues in emerging adults with lower sensitivity to alcohol.
Behavioral response bias and event-related brain potentials implicate elevated incentive salience attribution to alcohol cues in emerging adults with lower sensitivity to alcohol.
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DOI：
10.1111/add.15728
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发表时间：
2022-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bartholow BD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cofresí RU;Kohen CB;Motschman CA;Wiers RW;Piasecki TM;Bartholow BD
本研究使用了行为接近回避任务，包括图像的酒精饮料，以测试是否低敏感性酒精（LS）是一个表型标记的性格倾向属性自下而上的激励价值自然条件酒精线索。在美国密苏里州的一所大学心理学实验室进行的实验研究。参与者是178个新兴的成年人（18-20岁），他们对酒精急性效应的敏感性各不相同。参与者完成酒精接近-回避任务，同时记录行为（反应时间; RT）和脑电图（EEG）。刺激锁定事件相关电位（ERP）提供了综合（自上而下和自下而上）刺激激励值（P3振幅）和自上而下任务要求与自下而上反应倾向之间冲突（N450振幅）的指标。线性混合模型显示LS的“酒精接近”试验相对于“酒精避免”试验的RT更快（平均值D ±标准误差D（MD±SED）=29.51±9.74 ms，t[328]=3.03，p= 0.003），但不是更高敏感性（HS）个体（MD±SED=2.27±9.33 ms，t[328]=0.243，p= 0.808）。对于LS参与者，相对于酒精接近试验，酒精避免的N450振幅（反应冲突）增强（MD±SED=0.811±0.198 µV，z=4.108，p<.001），对于HS参与者，相对于酒精避免，酒精接近的N450振幅增强（MD±SED=0.419±0.188 µV，z=2.235，p=.025）。与酒精回避相比，酒精接近的P3振幅也有所增强，LS（MD±SED=0.825±0.204 µV，z=4.045，p<0.001），但HS（MD±SED=0.013±0.194 µV，z=0.068，p= 0.946）则没有。一项人类实验室研究的结果似乎支持这样一种观点，即对酒精的低敏感性表明，人们倾向于将自下而上的激励价值归因于自然条件下的酒精线索。
This study used a behavioral approach-avoidance task including images of alcoholic beverages to test whether low sensitivity to alcohol (LS) is a phenotypic marker of a dispositional propensity to attribute bottom-up incentive value to naturally conditioned alcohol cues. Experimental study with a measured individual difference variable at a university psychology laboratory in Missouri, USA. Participants were 178 emerging adults (ages 18–20) varying in self-reported sensitivity to alcohol’s acute effects. Participants completed the alcohol approach-avoidance task while behavior (response time; RT) and the electroencephalogram (EEG) were recorded. Stimulus-locked event-related potentials (ERPs) provided indices of integrated (top-down and bottom-up) stimulus incentive value (P3 amplitude) and conflict between top-down task demands and bottom-up response propensities (N450 amplitude). Linear mixed models showed faster RT for ‘alcohol-approach’ relative to ‘alcohol-avoid’ trials for LS (meanD ± standard errorD (MD±SED)=29.51±9.74 ms, t[328]=3.03, p=.003) but not higher-sensitivity (HS) individuals (MD±SED=2.27±9.33 ms, t[328]=0.243, p=.808). There was enhanced N450 amplitude (response conflict) for alcohol-avoid relative to alcohol-approach trials for LS participants (MD±SED=0.811±0.198 µV, z=4.108, p<.001) and enhanced N450 amplitude for alcohol-approach relative to alcohol-avoid for HS participants (MD±SED=0.419±0.188 µV, z=2.235, p=.025). There was also enhanced P3 amplitude for alcohol-approach relative to alcohol-avoid for LS (MD±SED=0.825±0.204 µV, z=4.045, p<.001), but not HS (MD±SED=0.013±0.194 µV, z=0.068, p=.946). Findings from a human laboratory study appear to support the notion that low sensitivity to alcohol indexes a propensity to attribute bottom-up incentive value to naturally conditioned alcohol cues.
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