Differential Effects of Antiseptic Mouth Rinses on SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity In Vitro.
Differential Effects of Antiseptic Mouth Rinses on SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity In Vitro.
复制标题
抗菌漱口液对SARS-CoV-2体外抗感染性的不同影响。
DOI：
10.3390/pathogens10030272
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fine DH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu C;Wang A;Hoskin ER;Cugini C;Markowitz K;Chang TL;Fine DH
在无症状个体的唾液中可以检测到严重急性呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)，这表明使用漱口水抑制病毒载量和减少病毒传播具有潜在的好处。已发表的减少SARS-CoV-2口红引起的细胞毒性作用的研究并不排除与杀菌口红相关的细胞毒性。在这里，我们确定了市售的漱口水和防腐剂聚维酮碘对具有复制能力的SARS-CoV-2病毒和假型SARS-CoV-2病毒的传染性的影响。我们首先确定了含漱液对细胞活性的影响，以确保抗病毒活性不是含漱液诱导的细胞毒性的结果。高露洁过氧水(过氧化氢)表现出最大的细胞毒性，其次是聚维酮碘、葡萄糖酸氯己定(CHG)和李斯特林(精油和酒精)。高露洁过氧基含漱液和聚维酮碘具有强大的抗病毒活性，这是在感染过程中这些产品存在的情况下，含漱液介导的细胞损伤的结果。当产品在病毒附着后没有被洗掉时，CHG的效力更强，这表明口腔漱口水对细胞的长期作用影响了抗病毒的结果。为了最大限度地减少与漱口水相关的细胞毒性，在感染细胞之前，通过离心法从处理过的病毒中大部分去除了漱口水。5%(v/v)的高露洁过氧基碘或聚维酮碘稀释液完全阻断了病毒的传染性。类似5%(v/v)稀释度的李斯特林或CHG对病毒有中等的抑制作用，但50%(v/v)稀释度的李斯特林或CHG完全阻断病毒的感染性。漱口水在没有长时间孵化的情况下就能灭活病毒。新的感染力测定显示了不同含漱液对SARS-CoV-2感染的不同影响，但与漱口水相关的细胞毒性影响有限。我们的结果表明，漱口水可以显著降低病毒的传染性，这表明它对减少SARS-CoV-2的传播具有潜在的好处。
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is detectable in saliva from asymptomatic individuals, suggesting a potential benefit from the use of mouth rinses to suppress viral load and reduce virus spread. Published studies on the reduction of SARS-CoV-2-induced cytotoxic effects by mouth rinses do not exclude antiseptic mouth rinse-associated cytotoxicity. Here, we determined the effect of commercially available mouth rinses and antiseptic povidone-iodine on the infectivity of replication-competent SARS-CoV-2 viruses and of pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 viruses. We first determined the effect of mouth rinses on cell viability to ensure that antiviral activity was not a consequence of mouth rinse-induced cytotoxicity. Colgate Peroxyl (hydrogen peroxide) exhibited the most cytotoxicity, followed by povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), and Listerine (essential oils and alcohol). The potent antiviral activities of Colgate Peroxyl mouth rinse and povidone-iodine were the consequence of rinse-mediated cellular damage when the products were present during infection. The potency of CHG was greater when the product was not washed off after virus attachment, suggesting that the prolonged effect of mouth rinses on cells impacts the antiviral outcome. To minimalize mouth rinse-associated cytotoxicity, mouth rinse was largely removed from treated viruses by centrifugation prior to infection of cells. A 5% (v/v) dilution of Colgate Peroxyl or povidone-iodine completely blocked viral infectivity. A similar 5% (v/v) dilution of Listerine or CHG had a moderate suppressive effect on the virus, but a 50% (v/v) dilution of Listerine or CHG blocked viral infectivity completely. Mouth rinses inactivated the virus without prolonged incubation. The new infectivity assay, with limited impacts of mouth rinse-associated cytotoxicity, showed the differential effects of mouth rinses on SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our results indicate that mouth rinses can significantly reduce virus infectivity, suggesting a potential benefit for reducing SARS-CoV-2 spread.
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