Disequilibrium, Adaptation, and the Norse Settlement of Greenland.
Disequilibrium, Adaptation, and the Norse Settlement of Greenland.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10745-018-0020-0
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Streeter R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackson R;Arneborg J;Dugmore A;Madsen C;McGovern T;Smiarowski K;Streeter R
越来越多的证据表明，北极文化和生态系统对气候变化的反应是非线性的。北欧斯堪的纳维亚农民在10世纪末将农业引入亚北极格陵兰岛，创造了与人类共生的景观，并利用了季节性丰富的海洋和陆地资源。利用生态位构建框架和最近的调查工作、饮食研究和区域规模气候指标的数据，我们研究了从10世纪到15世纪这种进口农业生态位与环境限制之间的潜在不匹配。我们认为，景观改造使斯堪的纳维亚人在整个定居点中遵循了斯堪的纳维亚式的农业风格，构建并限制了季节性狩猎策略的有效性。最近的气候数据提供了13世纪中叶以来持续降温和15世纪初以来气候变化的证据。考古证据表明，北欧人对不断变化的亚北极环境进行了渐进式的调整，但受到过去环境中文化适应的限制。
There is increasing evidence to suggest that arctic cultures and ecosystems have followed non-linear responses to climate change. Norse Scandinavian farmers introduced agriculture to sub-arctic Greenland in the late tenth century, creating synanthropic landscapes and utilising seasonally abundant marine and terrestrial resources. Using a niche-construction framework and data from recent survey work, studies of diet, and regional-scale climate proxies we examine the potential mismatch between this imported agricultural niche and the constraints of the environment from the tenth to the fifteenth centuries. We argue that landscape modification conformed the Norse to a Scandinavian style of agriculture throughout settlement, structuring and limiting the efficacy of seasonal hunting strategies. Recent climate data provide evidence of sustained cooling from the mid thirteenth century and climate variation from the early fifteenth century. Archaeological evidence suggests that the Norse made incremental adjustments to the changing sub-arctic environment, but were limited by cultural adaptations made in past environments.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2014.0461
发表时间：
2015-11-28
影响因子：
5
作者：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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