A multiscale analysis of social-ecological system robustness and vulnerability in Cornwall, UK

A multiscale analysis of social-ecological system robustness and vulnerability in Cornwall, UK
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英国康沃尔郡社会生态系统稳健性和脆弱性的多尺度分析

DOI:
10.1007/s10113-019-01530-7
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Naylor L
Naylor L
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Naylor L

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了解社会生态系统(SES)的反馈和相互作用对于提高社会应对日益增长的环境挑战的能力至关重要。社会生态系统的研究通常在两个空间尺度之一:当地的实证研究或系统规模的建模,与有限的努力,以探索结合这两种分析方法和规模的优点。在这里,我们采取多尺度跨学科的方法来阐明的社会动力学基础的跨部门的反馈和决策的意想不到的后果,可以影响社会生态系统的脆弱性出乎意料。我们结合经验的地方为基础的研究与鲁棒性框架,一个动态的系统级分析平台,分析的特点和鲁棒性的沿海SES在康沃尔郡,英国。将基于地点的实证分析嵌入更广泛的体制框架,揭示了社会经济地位的反馈和“适应不良”。我们发现,权力下放的努力加上政府的紧缩措施放大了二阶(声誉)风险。这促使临时的政策权衡,增加了个人和社区的脆弱性,降低了社会生态系统的稳健性,阻碍了当地对气候变化的适应。我们确定了改善这些适应不良的机会,通过(1)实施协调规则,可以指导政策制定者在冲突的沿海管理压力的情况下,(2)认识到二阶风险如何影响决策。这项工作展示了将地方和区域分析相结合的优势,以评估暴露于环境变化(如气候变化和海平面上升)的社会生态系统的稳健性。我们的研究结果表明,气候政策,决策过程和二阶风险的多尺度效应的分析可以有效地支持当地的气候变化适应规划。
Understanding social-ecological system (SES) feedbacks and interactions is crucial to improving societal resilience to growing environmental challenges. Social-ecological systems are usually researched at one of two spatial scales: local placed-based empirical studies or system-scale modelling, with limited efforts to date exploring the merits of combining these two analytical approaches and scales. Here, we take a multiscale interdisciplinary approach to elucidate the social dynamics underpinning cross-sectoral feedbacks and unintended consequences of decision-making that can affect social-ecological system vulnerability unexpectedly. We combined empirical place-based research with the Robustness Framework, a dynamic system level analysis platform, to analyse the characteristics and robustness of a coastal SES in Cornwall, UK. Embedding place-based empirical analysis into a broader institutional framework revealed SES feedbacks and “maladaptations”. We find that decentralisation efforts coupled with government austerity measures amplify second-order (reputational) risks. This prompted temporal policy trade-offs, which increased individual and community vulnerability and reduced social-ecological system robustness, impeding local adaptation to climate change. We identify opportunities to ameliorate these maladaptations by (1) implementing coordination rules that can guide policymakers in instances of conflicting coastal management pressures, and (2) recognising how second-order risks influence decision-making. This work demonstrates the strengths of combining local and regional analyses to assess the robustness of social-ecological systems exposed to environmental changes, such as climate change and sea level rise. Our results show how analysis of the multiscale effects of climate policies, decision-making processes and second-order risks can usefully support local climate change adaptation planning.
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