Dissolved organic matter protects mosquito larvae from damaging solar UV radiation.
Dissolved organic matter protects mosquito larvae from damaging solar UV radiation.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0240261
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Williamson CE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berry NL;Overholt EP;Fisher TJ;Williamson CE
蚊子在北美东北部的数量和地理分布都有所增加，与此同时，极端降水事件增加，一些内陆水域的溶解有机质（DOM）浓度增加了一倍。DOM的增加可以减少蚊子幼虫对太阳紫外线（UV）辐射的暴露。尽管蚊子幼虫在阴凉的栖息地中最常见，但人们几乎不知道它们对太阳紫外线辐射的敏感性，也不知道DOM在浅水栖息地中为有害的紫外线创造避难所的能力。我们假设1)暴露在太阳紫外线下对蚊子幼虫是致命的，2)幼虫缺乏光酶修复来修复紫外线损伤的DNA， 3) DOM使幼虫免受致命的太阳紫外线辐射。我们通过操纵紫外线辐射（光酶DNA修复所必需的光修复辐射）和DOM的实验来验证这些假设。太阳紫外线照射显著降低了幼虫存活率，而DOM显著提高了幼虫存活率。没有光酶DNA修复的证据。我们的研究结果证实，太阳紫外线辐射降低了蚊子幼虫的栖息地适宜性，但DOM提供了躲避紫外线的避难所。这突出表明，病媒控制管理人员需要在减少蚊子种群的努力中优先考虑高DOM和阴影栖息地。
Mosquitoes have increased in their abundance and geographic distribution in northeastern North America, coinciding with an increase in extreme precipitation events and up to a doubling of dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentrations in some inland waters. Increases in DOM can reduce exposure of mosquito larvae to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Although mosquito larvae are most common in shaded habitats, almost nothing is known about their susceptibility to damage by solar UV radiation, or the ability of DOM to create a refuge from damaging UV in their shallow-water habitats. We hypothesize that 1) exposure to solar UV radiation is lethal to mosquito larvae, 2) larvae lack photo-enzymatic repair to fix UV-damaged DNA, and 3) DOM shades larvae from lethal solar UV radiation. We tested these hypotheses with experiments that manipulated UV radiation, the photo-repair radiation necessary for photo-enzymatic DNA repair, and DOM. Exposure to solar UV radiation significantly decreased larval survivorship, while DOM significantly increased it. There was no evidence of photo-enzymatic DNA repair. Our findings confirm that solar UV radiation decreases habitat suitability for mosquito larvae, but DOM provides a refuge from UV. This highlights the need for vector control managers to prioritize high DOM and shaded habitats in their efforts to reduce mosquito populations.
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