Neural Stem Cells: Promoting Axonal Regeneration and Spinal Cord Connectivity.
Neural Stem Cells: Promoting Axonal Regeneration and Spinal Cord Connectivity.
复制标题
神经干细胞：促进轴突再生和脊髓连接。
作者：
de Freria CM;Van Niekerk E;Blesch A;Lu P
脊髓损伤（SCI）是一种不可逆的功能损伤，是由损伤部位的神经元丧失和神经元连接中断引起的。虽然已有几种实验策略用于减少组织损伤和增强轴突生长和再生，但作为人类最重要的自主运动系统，皮质脊髓投射仍然难以进行再生治疗干预。迄今为止，最有前途的临床前治疗策略之一是神经干细胞（NSC）治疗SCI。在过去的十年中，我们发现寄主轴突再生成脊髓NSC移植物，并将其放置在脊髓损伤部位。这些再生的轴突与移植物形成突触，移植物反过来将大量新的轴突从损伤部位延伸到远端脊髓。在这里，我们讨论了脊髓损伤的病理生理学，使脊髓难以自发再生，神经干细胞治疗脊髓损伤的最新发现，它如何影响运动系统，包括皮质脊髓束和感觉反馈的影响。
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to irreversible functional impairment caused by neuronal loss and the disruption of neuronal connections across the injury site. While several experimental strategies have been used to minimize tissue damage and to enhance axonal growth and regeneration, the corticospinal projection, which is the most important voluntary motor system in humans, remains largely refractory to regenerative therapeutic interventions. To date, one of the most promising pre-clinical therapeutic strategies has been neural stem cell (NSC) therapy for SCI. Over the last decade we have found that host axons regenerate into spinal NSC grafts placed into sites of SCI. These regenerating axons form synapses with the graft, and the graft in turn extends very large numbers of new axons from the injury site over long distances into the distal spinal cord. Here we discuss the pathophysiology of SCI that makes the spinal cord refractory to spontaneous regeneration, the most recent findings of neural stem cell therapy for SCI, how it has impacted motor systems including the corticospinal tract and the implications for sensory feedback.
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