Visual orienting in the early broader autism phenotype: disengagement and facilitation.
Visual orienting in the early broader autism phenotype: disengagement and facilitation.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02051.x
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发表时间：
2009-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Johnson MH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elsabbagh M;Volein A;Holmboe K;Tucker L;Csibra G;Baron-Cohen S;Bolton P;Charman T;Baird G;Johnson MH
最近对自闭症儿童的婴儿兄弟姐妹的研究允许采用前瞻性方法来检查症状的出现，并揭示早期更广泛的自闭症表型的行为差异。在目前的研究中，我们专注于一组与视觉注意力相关的功能，以前报道在自闭症中是非典型的。我们比较了一组9-10个月大的自闭症儿童的婴儿兄弟姐妹和一个没有自闭症家族史的对照组在“间隙重叠任务”中的表现，该任务测量了为了固定外围刺激而脱离中枢刺激的成本。根据婴儿的扫视反应时间推导出两种测量方法。第一个是脱离效应，它衡量的是从一个中央刺激脱离到一个外围刺激的效率。第二种是易化效应，当婴儿在周围刺激开始之前被一个时间间隙提示时，就会产生这种效应，并且在周围刺激开始之后会更快地定向。与对照组相比，自闭症儿童的婴儿兄弟姐妹表现出更长的脱离延迟和更少的易化。研究结果进行了讨论，在视觉注意力的差异可能与自闭症和更广泛的表型观察到的特点。
Recent studies of infant siblings of children diagnosed with autism have allowed for a prospective approach to examine the emergence of symptoms and revealed behavioral differences in the broader autism phenotype within the early years. In the current study we focused on a set of functions associated with visual attention, previously reported to be atypical in autism. We compared performance of a group of 9–10-month-old infant siblings of children with autism to a control group with no family history of autism on the ‘gap-overlap task’, which measures the cost of disengaging from a central stimulus in order to fixate a peripheral one. Two measures were derived on the basis of infants’ saccadic reaction times. The first is the Disengagement effect, which measures the efficiency of disengaging from a central stimulus to orient to a peripheral one. The second was a Facilitation effect, which arises when the infant is cued by a temporal gap preceding the onset of the peripheral stimulus, and would orient faster after its onset. Infant siblings of children with autism showed longer Disengagement latencies as well as less Facilitation relative to the control group. The findings are discussed in relation to how differences in visual attention may relate to characteristics observed in autism and the broader phenotype.
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DOI：
10.1037//0096-1523.27.3.719
发表时间：
2001-06-01
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
O'Riordan, MA;Plaisted, KC;Baron-Cohen, S
通讯作者：
Baron-Cohen, S
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Hughes, C;Leboyer, M;Bouvard, M
通讯作者：
Bouvard, M
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Johnson, MH;Griffin, R;Richards, J
通讯作者：
Richards, J
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
FREESEMAN, LJ;COLOMBO, J;COLDREN, JT
通讯作者：
COLDREN, JT
DOI：
10.1097/00004703-200604002-00003
发表时间：
2006-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Palomo, Ruben;Belinchon Carmona, Mercedes;Ozonoff, Sally
通讯作者：
Ozonoff, Sally