Societal differences, activities, and performance: Examining the role of gender in electricity demand in the United Kingdom

Societal differences, activities, and performance: Examining the role of gender in electricity demand in the United Kingdom
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社会差异、活动和绩效:审视性别在英国电力需求中的作用

DOI:
10.1016/j.erss.2020.101719
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Grünewald P
Grünewald P
中科院分区:
经济学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grünewald P

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人们普遍认为,妇女要对家庭用电量的大部分负责。在西方社会,性别化的工作模式和家务分工一直存在,妇女从事许多与电力需求有关的活动,如做饭和洗衣。这就导致了这样一种假设,即妇女用电量比男子多,她们应该成为减少负荷或需求响应方案的具体目标。活动日记与同步电力记录显示女性确实报告更多的家务劳动,但在他们的性能观察到的电力消耗是低于男性在许多情况下,我们展示了男性和女性如何在活动的性能不同,以及如何结合的活动可以解释他们的电力强度的一些差异。活动的时间也因性别而异,妇女在需求高峰期使用洗衣机的可能性较小。
Women are widely believed to be responsible for much of household electricity consumption. Gendered working patterns and division of household chores are persistent in Western societies, with women performing many of the activities associated with electricity demand, such as cooking and laundering. This has led to the assumption that women use more electricity than men and that they should be specifically targeted in programmes on load reduction or demand response.This paper presents data on household electricity use patters which challenge these assumptions. Activity diaries with simultaneous electricity recordings show women do indeed report more household chores, but the electricity consumption observed during their performance is lower than for men in many cases.We show how men and women differ in the performance of activities and how the combination of activities can explain some of the differences in their electricity intensity. The timing of activities also differs between genders, with women less likely to use washing machines during peak demand periods.
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