Ambiguity and unintended inferences about risk messages for COVID-19.
Ambiguity and unintended inferences about risk messages for COVID-19.
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DOI：
10.1037/xap0000416
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发表时间：
2022-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Sirota, Miroslav
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holford, Dawn Liu;Juanchich, Marie;Sirota, Miroslav
世界卫生组织确定，某些群体患冠状病毒病（COVID-19）严重症状的风险较高，但这并不意味着他们感染的机会更高。然而，公共卫生信息往往强调这些群体的“风险增加”，因此风险可能被解释为感染，而不是遭受疾病的严重症状（如预期的那样）。强调弱势群体的风险也可能促使人们推断，信息中没有强调的个人的风险比以前认为的要低。在五项研究中，我们调查了英国居民对这些关于COVID-19（n = 396，n = 399，n = 432，n = 474）和一种假设的新病毒（n = 454）的风险信息进行了解读。参与者认识到风险是关于经历严重的症状，但超过一半的人也认为风险是关于感染，并相应地提高了脆弱人群更有可能被感染的看法。澄清风险事件的风险信息减少了对假设新病毒的误解，但对冠状病毒风险的现有误解难以纠正。我们讨论了通过区分这两种风险事件来提高公共卫生信息透明度的必要性。五项研究证明了“风险增加”信息的模糊性。人们误解了风险增加的个体更有可能感染病毒，而不仅仅是遭受严重的症状（正如信息所意图的那样）。此外，人们认为非脆弱个体比脆弱个体更不容易被感染。明确风险的风险信息可以减少误解。
The World Health Organization established that the risk of suffering severe symptoms from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is higher for some groups, but this does not mean their chances of infection are higher. However, public health messages often highlight the “increased risk” for these groups such that the risk could be interpreted as being about contracting an infection rather than suffering severe symptoms from the illness (as intended). Stressing the risk for vulnerable groups may also prompt inferences that individuals not highlighted in the message have lower risk than previously believed. In five studies, we investigated how U.K. residents interpreted such risk messages about COVID-19 (n = 396, n = 399, n = 432, n = 474) and a hypothetical new virus (n = 454). Participants recognized that the risk was about experiencing severe symptoms, but over half also believed that the risk was about infection, and had a corresponding heightened perception that vulnerable people were more likely to be infected. Risk messages that clarified the risk event reduced misinterpretations for a hypothetical new virus, but existing misinterpretations of coronavirus risks were resistant to correction. We discuss the need for greater clarity in public health messaging by distinguishing between the two risk events. Five studies demonstrated the ambiguity of “at increased risk” messages. People misinterpreted that individuals at increased risk were more likely to contract a virus, not just to suffer severe symptoms (as the message intends). In addition, people perceived that nonvulnerable individuals were less likely than vulnerable ones to be infected. Risk messaging that clarifies what exactly is at risk could reduce misinterpretations.
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影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Li, Qun;Guan, Xuhua;Feng, Zijian
通讯作者：
Feng, Zijian
DOI：
10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30773-8
发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
The Lancet. Infectious diseases
影响因子：
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作者：
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Pollard AJ
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Edwards, A
DOI：
10.1006/obhd.1996.0077
发表时间：
1996-09-01
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Gigerenzer, G;Hertwig, R;Katsikopoulos, KV
通讯作者：
Katsikopoulos, KV