Multiple Representations and Auditory‐Motor Interactions in the Avian Song System
Multiple Representations and Auditory‐Motor Interactions in the Avian Song System
复制标题
鸟类鸣叫系统中的多重表征和听觉运动相互作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Williams
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Williams
Bird song has characteristics that may require more elaborate neural circuitry than that of other behaviors. Owls perform complex parallel processing and comparisons of auditory signals in order to locate and categorize sounds;’ bats compare their own vocalizations to echoes in order to define the location, rate of motion, and size of prey;’ and electric fish must compare the field strength sensed at various points along their bodies to the signals produced by their own organs to extract the frequencies of competing signals as well as the locations of objects distorting the electric field.) Bird song has many of the properties that make for complexity in these systems, as well as the additional complication of being a behavior learned with reference to a stored auditory m0de1.~ The avian brain’s song system must control several sets of muscles to produce vocalizations that imitate a series of complex sounds that the bird may not have heard for several months. The end product of this process is a song whose timing, pitch, frequency modulation, amplitude modulation, and timbre are reproduced with a fidelity that humans can only appreciate with the help of instruments (FIG. 1). The neural circuitry that controls song learning must obviously be able to analyze and produce all of these acoustic features. In addition, what we know about the course of song learning imposes additional demands on the neural circuitry that mediates it. A series of experiments conducted by Thorpe,’ Marler,&’ Konishi,’ and Nottebohm,” using birds deafened or presented with song tutors at various ages, has shown that song learning can be divided into a series of distinct stages (FIG. 2): 1. The young songbird analyzes the songs he (in many species, only males sing) hears and discriminates among them, selecting those that are appropriate as models by means of an innate auditory “template.” 2. A subset of the appropriate songs is chosen as the target and stored in memory. 3. The young bird produces unstructured vocalizations similar to the babbling of human infants. These sounds are thought to aid in calibrating the vocal instrument by associating vocal motor patterns with the auditory consequences of that motor activity.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0163-1047(86)90485-1
发表时间：
1986-11-01
期刊：
BEHAVIORAL AND NEURAL BIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
NOTTEBOHM, F;NOTTEBOHM, ME;CRANE, L
通讯作者：
CRANE, L
DOI：
10.1016/s0163-1047(87)90327-x
发表时间：
1987-03-01
期刊：
BEHAVIORAL AND NEURAL BIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
NOTTEBOHM, F;NOTTEBOHM, ME;WINGFIELD, JC
通讯作者：
WINGFIELD, JC
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.85.22.8722
发表时间：
1988-11-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
ALVAREZBUYLLA, A;THEELEN, M;NOTTEBOHM, F
通讯作者：
NOTTEBOHM, F
鸟类发声运动神经元的听觉反应：鸟类鸣叫感知的运动理论。
DOI：
10.1126/science.4012321
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Williams,H;Nottebohm,F
通讯作者：
Nottebohm,F
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
BOTTJER, SW;MIESNER, EA;ARNOLD, AP
通讯作者：
ARNOLD, AP