Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) Landscape Suitability Varies by Wetland Habitats and the Degree of Interface between Wild Waterfowl and Poultry in India.
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) Landscape Suitability Varies by Wetland Habitats and the Degree of Interface between Wild Waterfowl and Poultry in India.
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DOI：
10.3390/v12111290
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发表时间：
2020-11-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hossain S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walsh MG;Mor SM;Hossain S
高致病性禽流感（HPAI）病毒，亚型H5 N1，构成了世界上最重要的健康和经济问题之一，鉴于动物流行病对家禽业的灾难性影响，高死亡率伴随人类的溢出，以及其作为未来大流行的源亚型的潜力。然而，我们对HPAI H5 N1的流行病学和感染生态学仍然缺乏足够的了解。野生水禽-家禽界面的性质，以及这些鸟类之间共享多样的湿地栖息地，目前突出了重要的知识差距。印度已成为全球高致病性禽流感H5 N1的热点地区，同时也为许多迁徙水禽提供了重要的越冬栖息地，并为几种常驻水禽提供了全年栖息地。目前的研究旨在探讨在何种程度上野生水禽家禽接口，不同的湿地栖息地，气候影响高致病性禽流感H5 N1流行病在印度的家禽。使用世界动物卫生组织报告的疫情，这项研究表明，野生水禽家禽接口和湖泊，河岸，沿海沼泽湿地系统与景观适宜性密切相关，这些关系因规模而异。虽然家禽密度的增加与风险的增加有关，但这只是在没有野生水禽栖息地的情况下，而且只是在局部范围内。在景观之间共享越来越多的野生水禽和家禽，适合更大的低密度家禽，再次在当地规模。这些研究结果提供了进一步了解印度HPAI H5 N1的发生情况，并提出了阻断水禽-家禽界面以阻断病毒传播和预防未来爆发的重要景观目标。
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, subtype H5N1, constitutes one of the world’s most important health and economic concerns given the catastrophic impact of epizootics on the poultry industry, the high mortality attending spillover in humans, and its potential as a source subtype for a future pandemic. Nevertheless, we still lack an adequate understanding of HPAI H5N1 epidemiology and infection ecology. The nature of the wild waterfowl–poultry interface, and the sharing of diverse wetland habitat among these birds, currently underscore important knowledge gaps. India has emerged as a global hotspot for HPAI H5N1, while also providing critical wintering habitat for many species of migratory waterfowl and year-round habitat for several resident waterfowl species. The current study sought to examine the extent to which the wild waterfowl–poultry interface, varied wetland habitat, and climate influence HPAI H5N1 epizootics in poultry in India. Using World Organisation for Animal Health reported outbreaks, this study showed that the wild waterfowl–poultry interface and lacustrine, riparian, and coastal marsh wetland systems were strongly associated with landscape suitability, and these relationships varied by scale. Although increasing poultry density was associated with increasing risk, this was only the case in the absence of wild waterfowl habitat, and only at a local scale. In landscapes increasingly shared between wild waterfowl and poultry, suitability was greater among lower density poultry, again at a local scale only. These findings provide further insight into the occurrence of HPAI H5N1 in India and suggest important landscape targets for blocking the waterfowl–poultry interface to interrupt virus transmission and prevent future outbreaks.
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