Ejaculated mouse sperm enter cumulus-oocyte complexes more efficiently in vitro than epididymal sperm.
Ejaculated mouse sperm enter cumulus-oocyte complexes more efficiently in vitro than epididymal sperm.
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射精的小鼠精子在体外比附睾精子更有效地进入卵丘-卵母细胞复合体
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0127753
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Suarez SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li H;Hung PH;Suarez SS
小鼠是研究生殖生物学的常用动物模型。附睾小鼠精子，由于没有接触到雄性附属腺体的分泌物，也不能精确地代表精子功能研究的射精精子，几乎被专门用于研究。我们比较了体外受精条件下的射精精子和附睾精子，以检验射精精子是否更有效地进入卵丘-卵母细胞复合物。为了使精子为受精做准备，他们在使能条件下孵育。孵育开始时，射精精子粘附在载玻片玻璃表面，粘附率随时间的延长而降低；然而，在任何时间点，很少附睾精子粘附在玻璃上，这表明表面电荷的差异。在获能性孵育结束时，当精子加入卵丘-卵母细胞复合体时，鞭毛运动的形式显著不同；具体来说，射精精子主要表现为鞭毛一侧弯曲增加（这一过程称为前钩过度激活），而附睾精子同样表现为鞭毛一侧或另一侧弯曲增加（前钩或反钩过度激活）。这表明附性腺分泌物可能改变了精子中的Ca2+信号活动，因为据报道，这两种形式的过度激活是由不同的Ca2+信号模式触发的。最后，随着时间的推移，射精精子多于附睾精子进入卵母细胞复合体。我们的结论是，男性副腺分泌物对精子的修饰会影响射精精子的行为，这可能使它们比附睾精子在体内更容易到达卵子。
The mouse is an established and popular animal model for studying reproductive biology. Epididymal mouse sperm, which lack exposure to secretions of male accessory glands and do not precisely represent ejaculated sperm for the study of sperm functions, have been almost exclusively used in studies. We compared ejaculated and epididymal sperm in an in vitro fertilization setting to examine whether ejaculated sperm enter cumulus-oocyte complexes more efficiently. In order to prepare sperm for fertilization, they were incubated under capacitating conditions. At the outset of incubation, ejaculated sperm stuck to the glass surfaces of slides and the incidences of sticking decreased with time; whereas, very few epididymal sperm stuck to glass at any time point, indicating differences in surface charge. At the end of the capacitating incubation, when sperm were added to cumulus-oocyte complexes, the form of flagellar movement differed dramatically; specifically, ejaculated sperm predominantly exhibited increased bending on one side of the flagellum (a process termed pro-hook hyperactivation), while epididymal sperm equally exhibited increased bending on one or the other side of the flagellum (pro-hook or anti-hook hyperactivation). This indicates that accessory sex gland secretions might have modified Ca2+ signaling activities in sperm, because the two forms of hyperactivation are reported to be triggered by different Ca2+ signaling patterns. Lastly, over time, more ejaculated than epididymal sperm entered the cumulus oocyte complexes. We concluded that modification of sperm by male accessory gland secretions affects the behavior of ejaculated sperm, possibly providing them with an advantage over epididymal sperm for reaching the eggs in vivo.
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