The Role of Emotion Regulation, Affect, and Sleep in Individuals With Sleep Bruxism and Those Without: Protocol for a Remote Longitudinal Observational Study.
The Role of Emotion Regulation, Affect, and Sleep in Individuals With Sleep Bruxism and Those Without: Protocol for a Remote Longitudinal Observational Study.
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DOI：
10.2196/41719
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发表时间：
2023-08-24
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Gross, James J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kreibig, Sylvia D.;ten Brink, Maia;Mehta, Ashish;Talmon, Anat;Zhang, Jin-Xiao;Brown, Alan S.;Lucas-Griffin, Sawyer S.;Axelrod, Ariel K.;Manber, Rachel;Lavigne, Gilles J.;Gross, James J.
关键词：
睡眠磨牙症（SB）是一种口腔行为，其特征是睡眠期间高水平的重复性下颌肌肉活动，导致磨牙和咬牙，并可能发展成一种疾病。尽管其患病率和口腔健康和生活质量的负面结果，目前还没有治愈SB。SB的病因仍然知之甚少，但最近的研究表明，负面情绪和适应不良的情绪调节（ER）的潜在作用。本研究的主要目的是调查SB患者的ER是否受损，同时控制情感和睡眠障碍。次要目的测试SB、ER、情感和睡眠之间的双向关系中是否存在横截面和纵向中介通路。该研究采用非随机重复测量观察设计，并远程进行。年龄在18-49岁的参与者接受了14天的门诊评估。使用电子平台收集数据。我们评估了特质和状态SB和ER以及情感和睡眠变量。我们测量SB使用自我报告的特质问卷，生态瞬时评估（EMA）的SB行为的实时报告，和便携式肌电图的节律咀嚼肌活动的多夜评估。我们通过自我报告的特质问卷、ER策略的实时报告EMA和来自心电图无线生理传感器的心率变异性作为客观生理测量来评估ER。参与者的特质情感和实时情绪体验是通过自我报告的特质问卷和EMA获得的。睡眠模式和质量的评估使用自我报告的特质问卷和睡眠日记，以及作为生理措施的活动记录。对于主要目的，分析将在一般线性模型中使用目标对比，根据策略使用频率和有效性作为SB的函数来检验适应不良ER。将进行对照分析，以检查在调整情感和睡眠指标以及人口统计学变量后SB-ER关系的持续性。对于次要目标，横截面和纵向中介分析将测试SB，ER，影响和睡眠的自我报告和生理测量之间的定向效应的各种竞争模型。该研究于2017年4月获得资助。数据收集于二零二零年八月至二零二二年三月进行。共有237名参与者符合条件并完成了研究。数据分析尚未开始。我们希望，努力彻底测量SB和ER使用金标准的方法和尖端技术将推进SB的知识。这项研究的结果可能有助于更好地了解SB，ER，影响和睡眠障碍之间的关系。通过确定ER在SB中的作用，结果可能为SB管理的目标干预措施的发展铺平道路，以减轻受影响者的疼痛和痛苦。DERR1-10.2196/41719
Sleep bruxism (SB) is an oral behavior characterized by high levels of repetitive jaw muscle activity during sleep, leading to teeth grinding and clenching, and may develop into a disorder. Despite its prevalence and negative outcomes on oral health and quality of life, there is currently no cure for SB. The etiology of SB remains poorly understood, but recent research suggests a potential role of negative emotions and maladaptive emotion regulation (ER). This study’s primary aim investigates whether ER is impaired in individuals with SB, while controlling for affective and sleep disturbances. The secondary aim tests for the presence of cross-sectional and longitudinal mediation pathways in the bidirectional relationships among SB, ER, affect, and sleep. The study used a nonrandomized repeated-measures observational design and was conducted remotely. Participants aged 18-49 years underwent a 14-day ambulatory assessment. Data collection was carried out using electronic platforms. We assessed trait and state SB and ER alongside affect and sleep variables. We measured SB using self-reported trait questionnaires, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) for real-time reports of SB behavior, and portable electromyography for multinight assessment of rhythmic masticatory muscle activity. We assessed ER through self-reported trait questionnaires, EMA for real-time reports of ER strategies, and heart rate variability derived from an electrocardiography wireless physiological sensor as an objective physiological measure. Participants’ trait affect and real-time emotional experiences were obtained using self-reported trait questionnaires and EMA. Sleep patterns and quality were evaluated using self-reported trait questionnaires and sleep diaries, as well as actigraphy as a physiological measure. For the primary objective, analyses will test for maladaptive ER in terms of strategy use frequency and effectiveness as a function of SB using targeted contrasts in the general linear model. Control analyses will be conducted to examine the persistence of the SB-ER relationship after adjusting for affective and sleep measures, as well as demographic variables. For the secondary objective, cross-sectional and longitudinal mediation analyses will test various competing models of directional effects among self-reported and physiological measures of SB, ER, affect, and sleep. This research received funding in April 2017. Data collection took place from August 2020 to March 2022. In all, 237 participants were eligible and completed the study. Data analysis has not yet started. We hope that the effort to thoroughly measure SB and ER using gold standard methods and cutting-edge technology will advance the knowledge of SB. The findings of this study may contribute to a better understanding of the relationship among SB, ER, affect, and sleep disturbances. By identifying the role of ER in SB, the results may pave the way for the development of targeted interventions for SB management to alleviate the pain and distress of those affected. DERR1-10.2196/41719
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