Crystal structures reveal an elusive functional domain of pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase.

Crystal structures reveal an elusive functional domain of pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase.
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DOI:
10.1038/nchembio.2497
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发表时间:
2017-12
影响因子:
14.8
通讯作者:
Söll D
Söll D
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Suzuki T;Miller C;Guo LT;Ho JML;Bryson DI;Wang YS;Liu DR;Söll D

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吡咯赖氨酰-tRNA合成酶(PylRS)是用非规范氨基酸进行遗传密码扩展的主要工具,但对其结构和活性的理解是不完整的。在这里,我们描述的晶体结构,以前未表征的基本N-末端结构域的这种独特的酶与tRNAPyl复合物。这种结构解释了为什么PylRS在从细菌到人类的广泛生物体中保持正交。该结构还说明了为什么PylRS对tRNAPyl的识别是反密码子非依赖性的;反密码子不接触酶。使用标准的微生物培养设备,我们建立了一种新的实验室进化方法-以前开发的噬菌体辅助连续进化的非连续对应物。通过这种方法,我们进化出了具有增强的活性和氨基酸特异性的新型PylRS变体。最后,我们采用了进化的PylRS变体来确定其N-末端结构域结构,并显示其突变如何改善PylRS在非经典氨基酸的遗传编码中的活性。
Pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase (PylRS) is a major tool in genetic code expansion with non-canonical amino acids, yet understanding of its structure and activity is incomplete. Here we describe the crystal structure of the previously uncharacterized essential N-terminal domain of this unique enzyme in complex with tRNAPyl. This structure explains why PylRS remains orthogonal in a broad range of organisms, from bacteria to humans. The structure also illustrates why tRNAPyl recognition by PylRS is anticodon-independent; the anticodon does not contact the enzyme. Using standard microbiological culture equipment, we then established a new method for laboratory evolution – a non-continuous counterpart of the previously developed phage-assisted continuous evolution. With this method, we evolved novel PylRS variants with enhanced activity and amino acid specificity. We finally employed an evolved PylRS variant to determine its N-terminal domain structure and show how its mutations improve PylRS activity in the genetic encoding of a non-canonical amino acid.
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发表时间: 2014-12
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影响因子: 4.4
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