Temperature as a key parameter for graphene sono-exfoliation in water.
Temperature as a key parameter for graphene sono-exfoliation in water.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106187
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发表时间：
2022-11
影响因子：
8.4
通讯作者：
Tzanakis, Iakovos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaur, Amanpreet;Morton, Justin A.;Tyurnina, Anastasia, V;Priyadarshi, Abhinav;Holland, Adam;Mi, Jiawei;Porfyrakis, Kyriakos;Eskin, Dmitry G.;Tzanakis, Iakovos
控制温度是石墨烯在水中成功剥离的关键。溶液温度的升高降低了冲击波峰的强度。SWs波长保持在430 ~ 460µm，不受温度影响。在40°C时，SWs和气泡云的最佳平衡产生了有效的剥离。在2小时内生产出面积约0.6 μm2的高质量少层石墨烯。石墨烯在水中的分散体对于生物医药、分离膜、涂料、喷墨打印等一系列应用都是非常理想的。最近的新研究集中在开发一种可扩展生产石墨烯的绿色方法上。然而，一个经常被忽视的重要参数是加工液的体积温度。本文遵循我们早期的工作，在不同温度和输入功率下，根据测量的声压场确定水溶液中石墨的最佳声压剥离参数。在这里，我们采取了下一步，并使用系统的表征技术和声压测量证明，在特定温度（即40°C）和优化的发电机输入功率为50%的条件下，在处理的2小时内，超声波辅助石墨粉的液相剥离（LPE）确实可以在纯水中产生高质量的少层石墨烯薄片。紫外-可见分析还表明，随着温度的升高，分散体的剥离性、稳定性和均匀性都有所改善。在拉曼显微镜和透射电子显微镜的帮助下，我们进一步证实了优化样品中石墨烯片的成功剥离和最小缺陷。该研究表明，了解和控制处理温度是石墨烯在水中剥离的关键参数之一，为其大规模生产提供了潜在的途径。
Control of temperature is the key for successful graphene exfoliation in water. Increase in solution temperature reduces the intensity of the shockwave (SW) peak. SWs wavelength was kept at 430–460 µm not being affected by the temperature. Optimum balance of SWs and bubble clouds at 40 °C produced the efficient exfoliation. High quality few-layer graphene with an area of ∼0.6 μm2 produced in 2 h. Graphene dispersions in water are highly desirable for a range of applications such as biomedicines, separation membranes, coatings, inkjet printing and more. Recent novel research has been focussed on developing a green approach for scalable production of graphene. However, one important parameter, which is often neglected is the bulk temperature of the processing liquid. This paper follows our earlier work where optimal sono-exfoliation parameters of graphite in aqueous solutions were determined based on the measured acoustic pressure fields at various temperatures and input powers. Here, we take the next step forward and demonstrate using systematic characterisation techniques and acoustic pressure measurements that sonication-assisted liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) of graphite powder can indeed produce high quality few layer graphene flakes in pure water at a specific temperature, i.e. 40 °C, and at an optimised input generator power of 50%, within 2-h of processing. UV–vis analysis also revealed that the exfoliation, stability and uniformity of dispersions were improved with increasing temperature. We further confirmed the successful exfoliation of graphene sheets with minimal level of defects in the optimized sample with the help of Raman microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. This study demonstrated that understanding and controlling processing temperature is one of the key parameters for graphene exfoliation in water which offers a potential pathway for its large-scale production.
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