Sleep promotes the extraction of grammatical rules.
Sleep promotes the extraction of grammatical rules.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0065046
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Petersson KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nieuwenhuis IL;Folia V;Forkstam C;Jensen O;Petersson KM
语法习得是一种高层次的认知功能，需要抽取复杂的语法规则。虽然有人提出离线时间可能有利于这种类型的规则提取，但这仍有待测试。在这里，我们使用人工语法学习范式来解决这个问题。在短期记忆覆盖任务中，81名人类参与者接触到根据未知人工语法生成的字母序列。在15分钟、12小时（清醒或睡眠）或24小时的时间延迟后，参与者将新测试序列分类为语法或非语法。先前的行为和功能神经成像工作表明，分类可以由两个不同的潜在过程指导：(1)潜在语法规则的整体抽象；(2)在暴露过程中以不同频率出现的序列块的检测。在这里，我们展示了睡眠后分类性能的提高。此外，这种改善是由于规则抽象的增强，而块频率的影响不受睡眠的影响。这些发现表明，在整合记忆处理过程中，睡眠在从独立但相关的项目中提取复杂结构方面起着关键作用。我们的研究结果强调了在必须获得复杂信息的环境中，学习与睡眠交替的重要性。
Grammar acquisition is a high level cognitive function that requires the extraction of complex rules. While it has been proposed that offline time might benefit this type of rule extraction, this remains to be tested. Here, we addressed this question using an artificial grammar learning paradigm. During a short-term memory cover task, eighty-one human participants were exposed to letter sequences generated according to an unknown artificial grammar. Following a time delay of 15 min, 12 h (wake or sleep) or 24 h, participants classified novel test sequences as Grammatical or Non-Grammatical. Previous behavioral and functional neuroimaging work has shown that classification can be guided by two distinct underlying processes: (1) the holistic abstraction of the underlying grammar rules and (2) the detection of sequence chunks that appear at varying frequencies during exposure. Here, we show that classification performance improved after sleep. Moreover, this improvement was due to an enhancement of rule abstraction, while the effect of chunk frequency was unaltered by sleep. These findings suggest that sleep plays a critical role in extracting complex structure from separate but related items during integrative memory processing. Our findings stress the importance of alternating periods of learning with sleep in settings in which complex information must be acquired.
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.22.1.169
发表时间：
1996-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Knowlton, BJ;Squire, LR
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
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作者：
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作者：
Forkstam, C;Petersson, KM
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
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通讯作者：
Scott, R