The environmental adaptation strategy of seed germination, and roles of the seed pappus on dispersal and hypocotyl hairs on seedling anchorage in Tamarix ramosissima.
The environmental adaptation strategy of seed germination, and roles of the seed pappus on dispersal and hypocotyl hairs on seedling anchorage in Tamarix ramosissima.
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DOI：
10.1093/aobpla/plab065
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发表时间：
2021-12
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Lan H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li C;Wei X;Lan H
沙漠植物的种子传播、发芽和幼苗建立受到多种生态因素的影响。多枝柽柳在发育的早期阶段进化出了多种策略，以促进其在恶劣环境中的生存。在本研究中，我们研究了不同生态因素对种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响，种子冠毛在种子传播中的功能，以及下胚轴毛在幼苗建立中的功能。我们发现，T. ramosissima 的种子发芽速度很快，并且可以在较宽的温度范围（5–30 °C）、长期储存（传播至少 12 个月）、高浓度盐（700–900 mmol·L−1）和聚乙二醇（PEG）6000（500 g·L−1）和中等浓度碱（300–500 g·L−1）下发生。 mmol·L−1)。较低浓度的盐和 PEG 促进幼苗生长。种子冠毛对种子萌发没有影响，但它可能起到辅助结构的作用，提供浮力并促进种子长距离传播。位于下胚轴末端边缘的下胚轴毛可能有助于幼苗在早期发育过程中的直立定位，特别是当种子在漂浮或洪水条件下发芽时。总之，多枝柽柳种子的萌发和幼苗发育可以在多种类型的非生物胁迫下发生，种子冠毛和下胚轴毛在种子传播和幼苗建立中发挥着重要作用。 多枝柽柳种子极小，一端有放射状冠毛。 T. ramosissima 的种子冠毛对种子萌发没有显着影响，但可能提供浮力，有助于种子的长距离传播。此外，我们发现下胚轴毛可以帮助早期幼苗固定在表面基质上，并在根出现之前为幼苗提供支撑；这种结构可能是为了在洪水和浮水条件下促进种子传播和幼苗生长而进化的。
Seed dispersal, germination and seedling establishment are affected by various ecological factors in desert plant species. Tamarix ramosissima has evolved multiple strategies to facilitate its survival in harsh environments during the early stages of development. In this study, we investigated the effects of different ecological factors on seed germination and seedling growth, the function of the seed pappus in seed dispersal, as well as the function of the hypocotyl hairs in seedling establishment. We found that the seed germination of T. ramosissima was rapid and could occur under a wide range of temperatures (5–30 °C), after long periods of storage (at least 12 months on dispersal), under high concentrations of salts (700–900 mmol·L−1) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 (500 g·L−1) and under medium concentrations of alkalis (300–500 mmol·L−1). Lower concentrations of salts and PEG promoted seedling growth. The seed pappus had no effect on seed germination, but it might function as an accessory structure that provides a buoyancy force and promotes long-distance seed dispersal. The hypocotyl hairs located on the edge of the hypocotyl end might aid the upright positioning of the seedlings during early development, especially when seed germination occurs under floating or flooding conditions. In conclusion, the germination of T. ramosissima seeds and seedling development can occur under diverse types of abiotic stress, and the seed pappus and hypocotyl hairs played an important role in seed dispersal and seedling establishment. Tamarix ramosissima seeds were extremely small and possessed radial pappus on one end. The seed pappus of T. ramosissima had no significant effect on seed germination but may provide a buoyancy force that aids the long-distance dispersal of seeds. In addition, we found that the hypocotyl hairs may help the early seedlings become fixed to the surface matrix and provide support to the seedling before the appearance of roots; such a structure might have evolved to facilitate seed dispersal and seedling establishment during flooding and floating water conditions.
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