Growth, ionic homeostasis, and physiological responses of cotton under different salt and alkali stresses.
Growth, ionic homeostasis, and physiological responses of cotton under different salt and alkali stresses.
复制标题
不同盐碱胁迫下棉花的生长、离子稳态及生理反应
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-79045-z
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发表时间：
2020-12-14
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Hou Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo H;Huang Z;Li M;Hou Z
为了更好地理解耐盐机制，我们分析了棉花在不同类型盐碱胁迫下的生长情况以及不同组织中的离子组。在盆栽试验中，棉花受到土壤盐碱胁迫，包括氯化钠（NaCl）、硫酸钠（Na₂SO₄）以及碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠（Na₂CO₃ + NaHCO₃）。盐碱胁迫显著抑制棉花生长，显著降低根长、根表面积和根体积，显著提高相对电导率（REC）和丙二醛（MDA）含量，但也显著提高抗氧化酶活性以及脯氨酸（Pro）含量。叶片中的相对电导率在盐胁迫下高于碱胁迫，但对脯氨酸的影响顺序为碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠 > 氯化钠 > 硫酸钠。主成分分析表明，在不同类型盐碱胁迫下离子组成存在显著差异。在三种类型盐碱胁迫下，棉花植株不同器官中钠（Na）和钼（Mo）的浓度显著增加。在氯化钠胁迫下，钙（Ca）的吸收受到抑制，磷（P）、镁（Mg）和铜（Cu）的运输能力降低，通过促进锌（Zn）、锰（Mn）、铝（Al）和钼（Mo）的吸收和运输来维持离子平衡。在硫酸钠胁迫下，磷（P）和钙（Ca）的吸收受到抑制，镁（Mg）、硼（B）和铜（Cu）的运输能力降低，通过促进硫（S）、锌（Zn）、铁（Fe）、钼（Mo）、铝（Al）和钴（Co）的吸收和运输来维持离子平衡。在碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠胁迫下，磷（P）和硫（S）的吸收受到抑制，镁（Mg）和硼（B）的运输能力降低，但铝（Al）和铁（Fe）的运输能力增加，通过促进锰（Mn）、钼（Mo）、镍（Ni）和钴（Co）的吸收和运输来维持离子平衡。叶片中GhSOS1和GhNHX1的相对表达量在盐胁迫下显著增加，但在碱胁迫下降低。这些结果表明，棉花通过抗氧化酶系统、渗透物质的调节以及离子平衡的重建来很好地适应盐碱胁迫；中性盐胁迫主要破坏离子平衡，而碱胁迫降低调节钠的能力，抑制矿质元素的吸收，并且破坏离子平衡；耐盐相关基因表达的变化可能部分解释了棉花在盐碱胁迫下钠离子的积累。
To better understand the mechanism of salt tolerance, we analyzed cotton growth and the ionomes in different tissues under different types of salt–alkali stress. Cotton was exposed to the soil salt and alkali stresses, NaCl, Na2SO4, and Na2CO3 + NaHCO3, in a pot study. Salt and alkali stress significantly inhibited cotton growth, significantly reduced root length, surface area, and volume, and significantly increased relative electrical conductivity (REC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content but also significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and proline (Pro) content. The REC in leaves was higher under salt stress than under alkali stress, but the effects on Pro were in the order Na2CO3 + NaHCO3 > NaCl > Na2SO4. Principal component analysis showed a significant difference in ion composition under the different types of salt–alkali stress. Under the three types of salt–alkali stress, concentrations of Na and Mo increased significantly in different organs of cotton plants. Under NaCl stress, the absorption of Ca was inhibited, the transport capacity of P, Mg, and Cu was reduced, and the ion balance was maintained by promoting the uptake and transport of Zn, Mn, Al, and Mo. Under Na2SO4 stress, the absorption of P and Ca was inhibited, the transport capacity of Mg, B, and Cu was reduced, and the ion balance was maintained by promoting the uptake and transport of S, Zn, Fe, Mo, Al, and Co. Under Na2CO3 + NaHCO3 stress, the absorption of P and S was inhibited, the transport capacity of Mg and B was reduced, but that of Al and Fe increased, and the ion balance was maintained by promoting the uptake and transport of Mn, Mo, Ni, and Co. The relative expression of GhSOS1 and GhNHX1 in leaves increased significantly under salt stress but decreased under alkali stress. These results suggest that cotton is well-adapted to salt–alkali stress via the antioxidant enzyme system, adjustment of osmotic substances, and reconstruction of ionic equilibrium; neutral salt stress primarily disrupts the ion balance, whereas alkali stress decreases the ability to regulate Na and inhibits the absorption of mineral elements, as well as disrupts the ion balance; and the changes in the expression of salt tolerance-related genes may partially explain the accumulation of Na ions in cotton under salt–alkali stress.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Dai, J. L.;Duan, L. S.;Dong, H. Z.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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