Mechanical properties of gray and white matter brain tissue by indentation.
Mechanical properties of gray and white matter brain tissue by indentation.
复制标题
灰质和白质脑组织的机械性能。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.02.024
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Kuhl, Ellen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Budday, Silvia;Nay, Richard;de Rooij, Rijk;Steinmann, Paul;Wyrobek, Thomas;Ovaert, Timothy C.;Kuhl, Ellen
哺乳动物脑由灰质外层和白色物质内核组成，灰质外层由细胞体、树突和无髓轴突组成，内核主要由有髓轴突组成。最近的证据表明，灰色和白色物质之间的微结构差异在神经发育过程中起着重要作用。虽然脑组织作为一个整体的流变学特征很好，灰色和白色物质的个体特征仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们量化的灰色和白色物质的机械性能，使用一个强大的，可靠的，可重复的方法，平冲压痕。为了系统地表征灰色和白色物质的模量，不同的压头直径，加载速率，保持时间，尸检时间，和位置，我们进行了一系列的n=192压痕测试。我们发现，缩进厚，完整的冠状切片消除了与小标本相关的常见挑战：它自然地最大限度地减少边界效应，脱水，膨胀和结构退化。当保持完整和水合时，脑切片在死后五天的整个测试期间保持其机械特性，标准偏差低至5%。白色物质的平均弹性模量为1.895 kPa ± 0.592 kPa，比灰质的平均弹性模量为1.389 kPa ± 0.289 kPa，硬度平均高39%，p<0.01，并且表现出较大的区域差异。它也比灰质更粘稠，对机械负荷的反应不那么迅速。了解灰色和白色物质之间的流变学差异可能对诊断和理解神经发育和神经系统疾病中的机械环境有直接影响。
The mammalian brain is composed of an outer layer of gray matter, consisting of cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons, and an inner core of white matter, consisting primarily of myelinated axons. Recent evidence suggests that microstructural differences between gray and white matter play an important role during neurodevelopment. While brain tissue as a whole is rheologically well characterized, the individual features of gray and white matter remain poorly understood. Here we quantify the mechanical properties of gray and white matter using a robust, reliable, and repeatable method, flat-punch indentation. To systematically characterize gray and white matter moduli for varying indenter diameters, loading rates, holding times, post-mortem times, and locations we performed a series of n=192 indentation tests. We found that indenting thick, intact coronal slices eliminates the common challenges associated with small specimens: it naturally minimizes boundary effects, dehydration, swelling, and structural degradation. When kept intact and hydrated, brain slices maintained their mechanical characteristics with standard deviations as low as 5% throughout the entire testing period of five days post mortem. White matter, with an average modulus of 1.895kPa±0.592kPa, was on average 39% stiffer than gray matter, p<0.01, with an average modulus of 1.389kPa±0.289kPa, and displayed larger regional variations. It was also more viscous than gray matter and responded less rapidly to mechanical loading. Understanding the rheological differences between gray and white matter may have direct implications on diagnosing and understanding the mechanical environment in neurodevelopment and neurological disorders.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Budday S;Raybaud C;Kuhl E
通讯作者：
Kuhl E
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Budday S;Steinmann P;Kuhl E
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Kuhl E
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作者：
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