Correcting for Omitted-Variables and Measurement-Error Bias in Regression with an Application to the Effect of Lead on IQ

Correcting for Omitted-Variables and Measurement-Error Bias in Regression with an Application to the Effect of Lead on IQ
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通过应用铅对智商的影响来校正回归中的遗漏变量和测量误差偏差

DOI:
10.1080/01621459.1998.10473697
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发表时间:
1998
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
W. E. Wecker
W. E. Wecker
中科院分区:
数学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
M. L. Marais;W. E. Wecker

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一般来说,当相关变量从回归方程中被省略或当包含变量的测量有误差时,普通最小二乘(OLS)回归估计是有偏的。变量误差偏差可以使用有关不可观测测量误差的辅助信息进行校正。在本文中,我们将演示如何使用辅助信息来纠正遗漏变量的偏差。我们用四项已发表的关于儿童接触铅对智商影响的研究来说明我们的方法。已发表的研究均采用OLS方法(或同等方法)。没有一项研究包括父亲的智商变量,也没有一项研究解释右侧变量测量误差的偏倚效应。对于每一项研究,我们都证明了铅对智商影响的偏差校正估计值在大小上大大减少,并且与0没有显著差异。我们的方法可用于涉及遗漏变量或测量误差的其他应用。
Abstract Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression estimates are biased, in general, when relevant variables are omitted from the regression equation or when included variables are measured with error. The errors-in-variables bias can be corrected using auxiliary information about unobservable measurement errors. In this article we demonstrate how auxiliary information can also be used to correct for omitted-variables bias. We illustrate our methods with an application to four published studies of the effect on IQ of childhood exposure to lead. Each of the published studies used OLS methods (or equivalent). None of the studies includes a father IQ variable, and none accounts for the biasing effect of measurement error in the right-side variables. For each of the studies we demonstrate that bias-corrected estimates of the effect of lead on IQ are much reduced in size and are not significantly different from 0. Our methods can be used in other applications involving omitted variables or errors of measurement ...
DOI: --
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