SCA1-phosphorylation, a regulator of Ataxin-1 function and pathogenesis.

SCA1-phosphorylation, a regulator of Ataxin-1 function and pathogenesis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.pneurobio.2012.04.003
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发表时间:
2012-12
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Orr, Harry T.
Orr, Harry T.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Orr, Harry T.

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脊髓小脑性共济失调1型(SCA 1)是由不稳定的三核苷酸CAG重复序列扩增引起的9种神经退行性疾病之一,即多聚谷氨酰胺(polyQ)疾病。SCA 1中毒性的功能获得机制与其他polyQ疾病一样,被认为在发病机制中起主要作用。然而,这种功能获得的具体性质是一个值得讨论的问题。一个问题是毒性是否源于受影响蛋白质的天然或正常功能,而不是polyQ扩增诱导的新功能。对于SCA 1,越来越多的证据表明,病理学是由polyQ诱导的宿主蛋白Ataxin-1(ATXN 1)的天然功能增强介导的,并且S776的磷酸化调节其与其他细胞蛋白的相互作用,从而调节其功能。此外,这种翻译后修饰通过扩增的聚谷氨酰胺调节ATXN 1的毒性。
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is one an intriguing set of nine neurodegenerative diseases caused by the expansion of a unstable trinucleotide CAG repeat where the repeat is located within the coding of the affected gene, i.e. the polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases. A gain-of-function mechanism for toxicity in SCA1, like the other polyQ diseases, is thought to have a major role in pathogenesis. Yet, the specific nature of this gain-of-function is a matter of considerable discussion. An issue concerns whether toxicity stems from the native or normal function of the affected protein versus a novel function induced by polyQ expansion. For SCA1 considerable evidence is accumulating that pathology is mediated by a polyQ-induced exaggeration of a native function of the host protein Ataxin-1 (ATXN1) and that phosphorylation of S776 regulates its interaction with other cellular protein and thereby function. In addition, this post translational modification modulates toxicity of ATXN1 with an expanded polyglutamine.
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