The human microbiome encodes resistance to the antidiabetic drug acarbose.

The human microbiome encodes resistance to the antidiabetic drug acarbose.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41586-021-04091-0
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发表时间:
2021-12
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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人类微生物组编码大量的生化酶和途径,其中大部分仍未被表征。在这里,使用基于宏基因组学的搜索策略,我们发现人类肠道和口腔微生物组的细菌成员编码酶,选择性地磷酸化临床使用的抗糖尿病药物阿卡波糖,导致其失活。阿卡波糖是人类和细菌α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制剂,限制了目标生物代谢复杂碳水化合物的能力。通过生化分析、x射线晶体学和宏基因组学分析,我们发现微生物组衍生的阿卡波糖激酶对阿卡波糖具有特异性,为它们的宿主生物体提供了对抗阿卡波糖活性的保护优势,并且在西方和非西方人群的微生物组中广泛存在。这些结果提供了微生物组对非抗生素药物广泛耐药的一个例子,并表明阿卡波糖耐药已在人类微生物组中传播,作为一种防御策略,以对抗一种密切相关分子的潜在内源性生产者。
The human microbiome encodes a large repertoire of biochemical enzymes and pathways, most of which remain uncharacterized. Here, using a metagenomics-based search strategy, we discovered that bacterial members of the human gut and oral microbiome encode enzymes that selectively phosphorylate a clinically used antidiabetic drug, acarbose, resulting in its inactivation. Acarbose is an inhibitor of both human and bacterial α-glucosidases, limiting the ability of the target organism to metabolize complex carbohydrates. Using biochemical assays, X-ray crystallography and metagenomic analyses, we show that microbiome-derived acarbose kinases are specific for acarbose, provide their harbouring organism with a protective advantage against the activity of acarbose, and are widespread in the microbiomes of western and non-western human populations. These results provide an example of widespread microbiome resistance to a non-antibiotic drug, and suggest that acarbose resistance has disseminated in the human microbiome as a defensive strategy against a potential endogenous producer of a closely related molecule.
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