Microbiome Structure of a Wild Drosophila Community along Tropical Elevational Gradients and Comparison to Laboratory Lines.
Microbiome Structure of a Wild Drosophila Community along Tropical Elevational Gradients and Comparison to Laboratory Lines.
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.00099-23
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发表时间：
2023-05-31
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Hrcek, Jan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Joel J.;Jandova, Anna;Jeffs, Christopher T.;Higgie, Megan;Novakova, Eva;Lewis, Owen T.;Hrcek, Jan
关键词：
与自由生活的微生物群落相比，宿主相关的微生物群落中的沿着环境梯度的变化还没有得到很好的理解。由于海拔梯度可能是气候变化的自然代表，因此了解这些梯度的沿着模式可以帮助我们了解宿主及其共生微生物在变暖的世界中面临的威胁。在这项研究中，我们分析了来自澳大利亚热带雨林的四种果蝇的蛹和成虫的细菌微生物组。我们采样野生个体在高海拔和低海拔沿着两个山区梯度，以确定自然多样性模式。此外，我们从相同地点建立的同雌株系中对实验室饲养的个体进行了取样，以观察实验室中是否保留了任何自然模式。在这两种环境中，我们控制饮食以帮助阐明微生物组组成的其他确定性模式。我们发现小，但显著的差异，果蝇细菌群落组成的海拔，不同果蝇物种和网站之间的一些显着的分类差异。此外，我们发现现场收集的苍蝇蛹比实验室饲养的蛹具有更丰富的微生物组。我们还在两种类型的饮食中发现了相似的微生物组组成，这表明果蝇微生物组之间的显着差异是周围环境中不同细菌物种池的产物，可能与温度的海拔差异有关。我们的研究结果表明，实验室和现场标本之间的比较研究有助于揭示单一物种中微生物群落的真实变异性。细菌在大多数高级生物体内形成微生物群落，但我们对微生物组如何随着环境梯度以及自然宿主种群和实验室菌落之间的变化知之甚少。为了探索这种对昆虫相关微生物组的影响，我们研究了澳大利亚热带两个山脉梯度上四种果蝇的肠道微生物组。我们还将这些数据与实验室中的个体进行了比较，以了解不同的环境如何改变微生物群落。我们发现，现场采样的个体比实验室中的个体具有更高的微生物组多样性。在野生果蝇种群中，海拔解释了微生物群落中少量但重要的变化。我们的研究强调了环境细菌来源对果蝇微生物组组成在海拔梯度上的重要性，并展示了比较研究如何帮助揭示微生物组群落的真正灵活性。
Variation along environmental gradients in host-associated microbial communities is not well understood compared to free-living microbial communities. Because elevational gradients may serve as natural proxies for climate change, understanding patterns along these gradients can inform our understanding of the threats hosts and their symbiotic microbes face in a warming world. In this study, we analyzed bacterial microbiomes from pupae and adults of four Drosophila species native to Australian tropical rainforests. We sampled wild individuals at high and low elevations along two mountain gradients to determine natural diversity patterns. Further, we sampled laboratory-reared individuals from isofemale lines established from the same localities to see if any natural patterns are retained in the lab. In both environments, we controlled for diet to help elucidate other deterministic patterns of microbiome composition. We found small but significant differences in Drosophila bacterial community composition across elevation, with some notable taxonomic differences between different Drosophila species and sites. Further, we found that field-collected fly pupae had significantly richer microbiomes than laboratory-reared pupae. We also found similar microbiome composition in both types of provided diet, suggesting that the significant differences found among Drosophila microbiomes are the products of surrounding environments with different bacterial species pools, possibly bound to elevational differences in temperature. Our results suggest that comparative studies between lab and field specimens help reveal the true variability in microbiome communities that can exist within a single species. IMPORTANCE Bacteria form microbial communities inside most higher-level organisms, but we know little about how the microbiome varies along environmental gradients and between natural host populations and laboratory colonies. To explore such effects on insect-associated microbiomes, we studied the gut microbiome in four Drosophila species over two mountain gradients in tropical Australia. We also compared these data to individuals kept in the laboratory to understand how different settings changed microbiome communities. We found that field-sampled individuals had significantly higher microbiome diversity than those from the lab. In wild Drosophila populations, elevation explains a small but significant amount of the variation in their microbial communities. Our study highlights the importance of environmental bacterial sources for Drosophila microbiome composition across elevational gradients and shows how comparative studies help reveal the true flexibility in microbiome communities that can exist within a species.
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